We introduce a similarity function on formulae of signal temporal logic (STL). It comes in the form of a kernel function, well known in machine learning as a conceptually and computationally efficient tool. The corresponding kernel trick allows us to circumvent the complicated process of feature extraction, i.e. the (typically manual) effort to identify the decisive properties of formulae so that learning can be applied. We demonstrate this consequence and its advantages on the task of predicting (quantitative) satisfaction of STL formulae on stochastic processes: Using our kernel and the kernel trick, we learn (i) computationally efficiently (ii) a practically precise predictor of satisfaction, (iii) avoiding the difficult task of finding a way to explicitly turn formulae into vectors of numbers in a sensible way. We back the high precision we have achieved in the experiments by a theoretically sound PAC guarantee, ensuring our procedure efficiently delivers a close-to-optimal predictor.
Quantitative Computation Tree Logic Model Checking Based on Generalized Possibility Measures
本文研究了广义可能性计算树逻辑模型检验,它是Y.Li,Y.Li and Z.Ma(2014)提出的可能性计算逻辑模型检验的扩展.该系统采用广义可能性Kripke结构(GPKS,简称)建模,验证性质由广义可能性计算树逻辑(GPoCTL,简称)公式描述.基于广义可能性测度和广义必要性测度,讨论了广义可能性计算树逻辑模型检验的方法,并详细说明了相应的算法及其复杂性。此外,给出了(2013)中引入的PoCTL与GPoCTL的比较。最后以恒温器为例说明了GPoCTL模型检测方法。
We study the computational complexity of model checking and satisfiability problems of polyadic modal logics extended with permutations and Boolean operators on accessibility relations. First, we show that the combined complexity of the model checking problem for the resulting logic is PTime-complete. Secondly, we show that the satisfiability problem of polyadic modal logic extended with negation on accessibility relations is ExpTime-complete. Finally, we show that the satisfiability problem of polyadic modal logic with permutations and Boolean operators on accessibility relations is ExpTime-c…
Hybrid Spatiotemporal Logic for Automotive Applications: Modeling and Model-Checking
TU Wien(维也纳工业大学);National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)(国立产业技术综合研究所);National Institute of Informatics (NII)(国立情报学研究所)
I consider the following generic scenario: an abstract model M of some 'real' system is only partially presented, or partially known to us, and we have to ensure that the actual system satisfies a given specification, formalised in some logical language. This scenario has at least two essentially different interpretations, leading to two, essentially different, formal logical and algorithmic problems: "Model Synthesis from Partial Models", where some 'admissible' extension of M to a full model must satisfy the specification, and "Model Checking of Partial Models", where all 'admissible' extens…
The entailment between separation logic formulae with inductive predicates, also known as symbolic heaps, has been shown to be decidable for a large class of inductive definitions. Recently, a 2-EXPTIME algorithm was proposed and an EXPTIME-hard bound was established; however no precise lower bound is known. In this paper, we show that deciding entailment between predicate atoms is 2-EXPTIME-hard. The proof is based on a reduction from the membership problem for exponential-space bounded alternating Turing machines.
In the last decades much research effort has been devoted to extending the success of model checking from the traditional field of finite state machines and various versions of temporal logics to suitable subclasses of context-free languages and appropriate extensions of temporal logics. To the best of our knowledge such attempts only covered structured languages, i.e. languages whose structure is immediately "visible" in their sentences, such as tree-languages or visibly pushdown ones. In this paper we present a new temporal logic suitable to express and automatically verify properties of ope…
We develop a doubly-exponential decision procedure for the satisfiability problem of guarded separation logic -- a novel fragment of separation logic featuring user-supplied inductive predicates, Boolean connectives, and separating connectives, including restricted (guarded) versions of negation, magic wand, and septraction. Moreover, we show that dropping the guards for any of the above connectives leads to an undecidable fragment. We further apply our decision procedure to reason about entailments in the popular symbolic heap fragment of separation logic. In particular, we obtain a doubly-ex…
Quantitative separation logic (QSL) is an extension of separation logic (SL) for the verification of probabilistic pointer programs. In QSL, formulae evaluate to real numbers instead of truth values, e.g., the probability of memory-safe termination in a given symbolic heap. As with \SL, one of the key problems when reasoning with QSL is \emph{entailment}: does a formula f entail another formula g? We give a generic reduction from entailment checking in QSL to entailment checking in SL. This allows to leverage the large body of SL research for the automated verification of probabilistic pointer…
This paper describes a technique for inferring temporal-logic properties for sets of finite data streams. Such data streams arise in many domains, including server logs, program testing, and financial and marketing data; temporal-logic formulas that are satisfied by all data streams in a set can provide insight into the underlying dynamics of the system generating these streams. Our approach makes use of so-called Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) queries, which are LTL formulas containing a missing subformula and interpreted over finite data streams. Solving such a query involves computing a subfor…
We study the expressivity and complexity of model checking linear temporal logic with team semantics (TeamLTL). TeamLTL, despite being a purely modal logic, is capable of defining hyperproperties, i.e., properties which relate multiple execution traces. TeamLTL has been introduced quite recently and only few results are known regarding its expressivity and its model checking problem. We relate the expressivity of TeamLTL to logics for hyperproperties obtained by extending LTL with trace and propositional quantifiers (HyperLTL and HyperQPTL). By doing so, we obtain a number of model checking re…
DL-PA and DCL-PC: model checking and satisfiability problem are indeed in PSPACE
证明了命题控制动态逻辑DL-PA和命题控制委托联合逻辑DCL-PC的模型检验和可满足性问题都是在PSPACE中进行的。我们解释了为什么(Balbiani,Herzig,Troquard,2013)中提出的DL-PA的模型检验问题的EXPTIME-硬度证明是错误的。我们还解释了为什么在PSPACE的成员证明的模型检验问题的DCL-PC(van der Hoek,Walther,Wooldridge,2010)是错误的。