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arXiv 2201.08861quant-ph
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多核量子计算

Multicore Quantum Computing

Hamza Jnane, Brennan Undseth, Zhenyu Cai, Simon C Benjamin, Bálint Koczor

备注：
26 pages, 16 Figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. Applied 18, 044064 (2022)
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摘要：

任何实用量子计算的架构都必须是可扩展的。一种有吸引力的方法是创建多个核心，即固定大小的计算区域，这些区域间隔良好，但与通信信道互连。这种爆炸式架构可以缓解与单个单片器件相关的需求：控制、冷却和电源基础设施的复杂性，以及串扰抑制和近乎完美的元件良率的困难。在这里，我们通过分析和数值建模来探索互连的多核架构。虽然我们的分析元素与不同的平台相关，但我们的重点是半导体电子自旋系统，其中单个芯片上可能存在许多核心。我们模拟穿梭和微波为基础的互连和估计可实现的并行性，发现的值是令人鼓舞的，但显着低于核心内的操作。因此，我们引入优化的纠缠纯化，使高保真通信，发现$99.5\%$是一个非常现实的目标。然后，我们评估的前景量子优势使用这样的设备在NISQ时代及以后：我们模拟最近提出的指数强大的错误缓解计划在多核环境中，并得出结论，这些技术令人印象深刻的抑制在两个核心间和内部操作的缺陷。

英文摘要：

Any architecture for practical quantum computing must be scalable. An attractive approach is to create multiple cores, computing regions of fixed size that are well-spaced but interlinked with communication channels. This exploded architecture can relax the demands associated with a single monolithic device: the complexity of control, cooling and power infrastructure as well as the difficulties of cross-talk suppression and near-perfect component yield. Here we explore interlinked multicore architectures through analytic and numerical modelling. While elements of our analysis are relevant to diverse platforms, our focus is on semiconductor electron spin systems in which numerous cores may exist on a single chip. We model shuttling and microwave-based interlinks and estimate the achievable fidelities, finding values that are encouraging but markedly inferior to intra-core operations. We therefore introduce optimsed entanglement purification to enable high-fidelity communication, finding that $99.5\%$ is a very realistic goal. We then assess the prospects for quantum advantage using such devices in the NISQ-era and beyond: we simulate recently proposed exponentially-powerful error mitigation schemes in the multicore environment and conclude that these techniques impressively suppress imperfections in both the inter- and intra-core operations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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