分子动力学中的临界点粒子数涨落
Critical point particle number fluctuations from molecular dynamics
摘要：
利用分子动力学模拟，研究了周期盒中经典Lennard-Jones流体在临界点存在时的粒子数涨落。$N$ -体问题的数值解自然地包含了所有的相关性、精确的守恒律和有限尺寸效应，使我们能够研究动力学设置中临界点的波动特征。我们发现，大的波动与临界点进行测量时，观察到坐标子空间，但是，在集体流动和膨胀的情况下，基本上被冲洗时，动量削减，而不是强制执行。我们把我们的发现的背景下，事件的重离子碰撞的波动。
英文摘要：
We study fluctuations of particle number in the presence of critical point by utilizing molecular dynamics simulations of the classical Lennard-Jones fluid in a periodic box. The numerical solution of the $N$-body problem naturally incorporates all correlations, exact conservation laws, and finite size effects, allowing us to study the fluctuation signatures of the critical point in a dynamical setup. We find that large fluctuations associated with the critical point are observed when measurements are performed in coordinate subspace, but, in the absence of collective flow and expansion, are essentially washed out when momentum cuts are imposed instead. We put our findings in the context of event-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions.
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