This paper investigates traffic flow modeling issue in multi-services oriented unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless networks, which is critical for supporting future various applications of such networks. We propose a general traffic flow model for multi-services oriented UAV-enable wireless networks. Under this model, we first classify the network services into three subsets: telemetry, Internet of Things (IoT), and streaming data. Based on the Pareto distribution, we then partition all UAVs into three subgroups with different network usage. We further determine the number of packets for different network services and total data size according to the packet arrival rate for the nine segments, each of which represents one map relationship between a subset of services and a subgroup of UAVs. Simulation results are provided to illustrate that the number of packets and the data size predicted by our traffic model can well match with these under a real scenario.
This paper proposes a tractable analysis framework to evaluate the reliability, security and secrecy energy efficiency (SEE) performance in a UAV-enabled communication network via a threshold-based access scheme and multi-antenna technique.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) acting as Flying Access Points (FAPs) are being used to provide on-demand wireless connectivity in extreme scenarios. Despite ongoing research, the optimization of UAVs' positions according to dynamic users' traffic demands remains challenging. We propose the Traffic-aware UAV Placement Algorithm (TUPA), which positions a UAV acting as FAP according to the users' traffic demands, in order to maximize the network utility. Using a DRL approach enables the FAP to autonomously learn and adapt to dynamic conditions and requirements of networking scenarios. Moreover, …
This paper aims to propose a three-dimensional (3D) point process that can be employed to generally deploy unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a large-scale cellular network and tractably analyze the fundamental network-wide performances of the network. This 3D point process is devised based on a 2D marked Poisson point process in which each point and its random mark uniquely correspond to the projection and the altitude of each point in the 3D point process, respectively. We elaborate on some important statistical properties of the proposed 3D point process and use them to tractably analyze th…
Aerial networks, composed of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) acting as Wi-Fi access points or cellular base stations, are emerging as an interesting solution to provide on-demand wireless connectivity to users, when there is no network infrastructure available, or to enhance the network capacity. This article proposes a traffic-aware topology control solution for aerial networks that holistically combines the placement of UAVs with a predictive and centralized routing protocol. The synergy created by the combination of the UAV placement and routing solutions allows the aerial network to seamle…
Traffic-Adaptive Per-Hop Multipath Routing in Multi-Hop UAV Networks
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学）；China Mobile Zijin (Jiangsu) Innovation Research Institute（中国移动紫金（江苏）创新研究院）；Queen Mary University of London（伦敦大学玛丽女王学院）；China Telecom Beijing Research Institute（中国电信北京研究院）；Chongqing University（重庆大学）
The consideration of mobile networks as a communication infrastructure for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) creates a new plethora of emerging services and opportunities. In particular, the availability of different mobile network operators (MNOs) can be exploited by the UAVs to steer connection to the MNO ensuring the best quality of experience (QoE). While the concept of traffic steering is more known at the network side, extending it to the device level would allow meeting the emerging requirements of today's applications. In this vein, an efficient steering solutions that take into account …
UAV-enabled Computing Power Networks: Design and Performance Analysis under Energy Constraints
Lingnan University（岭南大学）；Hong Kong JC STEM Lab of Smart City（香港赛马会智慧城市STEM实验室）；Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学计算机系）；Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学生物医学工程系）
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), as a recently emerging technology, enabled a new breed of unprecedented applications in different domains. This technology's ongoing trend is departing from large remotely-controlled drones to networks of small autonomous drones to collectively complete intricate tasks time and cost-effectively. An important challenge is developing efficient sensing, communication, and control algorithms that can accommodate the requirements of highly dynamic UAV networks with heterogeneous mobility levels. Recently, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in learning-based net…
In this paper, we study how to optimize the federated edge learning (FEEL) in UAV-enabled Internet of things (IoT) for B5G/6G networks, from a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach. The federated learning is an effective framework to train a shared model between decentralized edge devices or servers without exchanging raw data, which can help protect data privacy. In UAV-enabled IoT networks, latency and energy consumption are two important metrics limiting the performance of FEEL. Although most of existing works have studied how to reduce the latency and improve the energy efficiency, fe…
Modern day wireless networks have tremendously evolved driven by a sharp increase in user demands, continuously requesting more data and services. This puts significant strain on infrastructure based macro cellular networks due to the inefficiency in handling these traffic demands, cost effectively. A viable solution is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as intermediate aerial nodes between the macro and small cell tiers for improving coverage and boosting capacity. This letter investigates the problem of user demand based UAV assignment over geographical areas subject to high traffic …
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly employed for numerous public and civil applications, such as goods delivery, medicine, surveillance, and telecommunications. For the latter, UAVs with onboard communication equipment may help temporarily offload traffic onto the neighboring cells in fifth-generation networks and beyond (5G+). In this paper, we propose and evaluate the use of UAVs traveling over the area of interest to relieve congestion in 5G+ systems under spontaneous traffic fluctuations. To this end, we assess two inherently different offloading schemes, named routed and cont…
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm enabled edge computing is envisioned to be promising in the sixth generation wireless communication networks due to their wide application sensories and flexible deployment. However, most of the existing works focus on edge computing enabled by a single or a small scale UAVs, which are very different from UAV swarm-enabled edge computing. In order to facilitate the practical applications of UAV swarm-enabled edge computing, the state of the art research is presented in this article. The potential applications, architectures and implementation considerations …
With the assistance of device-to-device (D2D) communications, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks are anticipated to support widespread applications in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond wireless systems, by providing seamless coverage, flexible deployment, and high channel rate. However, the networks face significant security threats from malicious eavesdroppers due to the inherent broadcast and openness nature of wireless channels. To ensure secure communications of such networks, physical layer security is a promising technique, which utilizes the randomness and noise of wireless chann…
Next-generation networks need to meet ubiquitous and high data-rate demand. Therefore, this paper considers the throughput and trajectory optimization of terahertz (THz)-enabled unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the sixth-generation (6G) communication networks. In the considered scenario, multiple UAVs must provide on-demand terabits per second (TB/s) services to an urban area along with existing terrestrial networks. However, THz-empowered UAVs pose some new constraints, e.g., dynamic THz-channel conditions for ground users (GUs) association and UAV trajectory optimization to fulfill GU's th…
New Mexico Tech（新墨西哥理工学院）；Amir Kabir University of Technology（阿米尔·卡比尔理工大学）；Utah Valley university（犹他谷大学）
Temporary high traffic requests in cellular networks is a challenging problem to address. Recent advances in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles applied to cover these types of traffics. UAV -Mounted Mobile Base Stations placement is a challenging problem to achieve high performance. Different approaches have been proposed; however, user required traffic is not considered in UAV placement. We propose a new feature to apply to K-means clustering to find the optimum clusters. User required traffic is defined as a new feature to assign users to the UAVs. Our simulation results show that UAVs could be placed…
The Mobile Network Operator (MNO) must select how to delegate Mobile Device (MD) queries to its Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) server in order to maximize the overall benefit of admitted requests with varying latency needs. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Artificial Intelligent (AI) can increase MNO performance because of their flexibility in deployment, high mobility of UAV, and efficiency of AI algorithms. There is a trade-off between the cost incurred by the MD and the profit received by the MNO. Intelligent computing offloading to UAV-enabled MEC, on the other hand, is a promising way to …
CNN+Transformer Based Anomaly Traffic Detection in UAV Networks for Emergency Rescue
The Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics（南京航空航天大学电磁频谱空间动态认知系统重点实验室（工业和信息化部））；Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London（伦敦大学学院电子与电气工程系）
Digital Twin Enabled Simultaneous Learning and Modeling for UAV-assisted Secure Communications with Eavesdropping Attacks
School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学智能系统工程学院）；Department of Equipment Management and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Engineering, Air Force Engineering University（空军工程大学装备管理与无人机工程系）
In this paper, we investigate a private and cache-enabled unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) network for content provision. Aiming at delivering fresh, fair, and energy-efficient content files to terrestrial users, we formulate a joint UAV caching, UAV trajectory, and UAV transmit power optimization problem. This problem is confirmed to be a sequential decision problem with mixed-integer non-convex constraints, which is intractable directly. To this end, we propose a novel algorithm based on the techniques of subproblem decomposition and convex approximation. Particularly, we first propose to decom…
Northumbria University（诺森比亚大学）；Central South University（中南大学）；China University of Mining and Technology（中国矿业大学）；University of Glasgow（格拉斯哥大学）；University of Essex（埃塞克斯大学）
In this paper, multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled mobile edge computing (MEC), i.e., UAVE is studied, where several UAVs are deployed as flying MEC platform to provide computing resource to ground user equipments (UEs). Compared to the traditional fixed location MEC, UAV enabled MEC (i.e., UAVE) is particular useful in case of temporary events, emergency situations and on-demand services, due to its high flexibility, low cost and easy deployment features. However, operation of UAVE faces several challenges, two of which are how to achieve both 1) the association between multiple UEs a…
In this paper, we consider the problem of optimizing the trajectory of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Base Station (BS). We consider a map characterized by a traffic intensity of users to be served. The UAV BS must travel from a given initial location at an initial time to a final position within a given duration and serves the traffic on its way. The problem consists in finding the optimal trajectory that minimizes a certain cost depending on the velocity and on the amount of served traffic. We formulate the problem using the framework of Lagrangian mechanics. When the traffic intensity is …
Wireless Federated Learning over UAV-enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication
University of Alabama in Huntsville（阿拉巴马大学亨茨维尔分校）；University of Glasgow（格拉斯哥大学）；Manchester Metropolitan University（曼彻斯特城市大学）；Lac Hong University（Lac Hong大学）
In this paper, we consider multiple solar-powered wireless nodes which utilize the harvested solar energy to transmit collected data to multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the uplink. In this context, we jointly design UAV flight trajectories, UAV-node communication associations, and uplink power control to effectively utilize the harvested energy and manage co-channel interference within a finite time horizon. To ensure the fairness of wireless nodes, the design goal is to maximize the worst user rate. The joint design problem is highly non-convex and requires causal (future) knowledg…
This paper considers an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless sensor network (WSN) in urban areas, where a UAV is deployed to collect data from distributed sensor nodes (SNs) within a given duration. To characterize the occasional building blockage between the UAV and SNs, we construct the probabilistic line-of-sight (LoS) channel model for a Manhattan-type city by using the combined simulation and data regression method, which is shown in the form of a generalized logistic function of the UAV-SN elevation angle. We assume that only the knowledge of SNs' locations and the probabilisti…
Mobile edge computing (MEC) and wireless power transfer (WPT) are two promising techniques to enhance the computation capability and to prolong the operational time of low-power wireless devices that are ubiquitous in Internet of Things. However, the computation performance and the harvested energy are significantly impacted by the severe propagation loss. In order to address this issue, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled MEC wireless powered system is studied in this paper. The computation rate maximization problems in a UAV-enabled MEC wireless powered system are investigated under bot…
