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arXiv 2201.00135math.RTcs.CC
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几何复杂性理论--求稳定点投射极限的李代数方法

Geometric Complexity Theory -- Lie Algebraic Methods for Projective Limits of Stable Points

Bharat Adsul, Milind Sohoni, K V Subrahmanyam

摘要:

设$G$是作用在复向量空间$V$和射影空间${\mathbb P}V$上的连通约化群.设$x\in V$和${\cal H}\subseteq {\cal G}$为其稳定子的李代数.我们的目标是了解点$[y]$,和他们的稳定剂,发生在附近的$[x]$。我们构造了一个明确的${\cal G}$ -行动的$x$,我们称之为本地模型在$x$的适当的邻域。证明了$x$附近点的稳定子的李代数是由${\cal H}$的子空间参数化的.当${\cal H}$是约化的时,这些是${\cal H}$的李子代数。如果$x$的轨道是封闭的,这也遵循卢娜定理。我们的建设涉及到一个地图连接到$x$的局部曲率形式。我们应用局部模型的形式,当形式$g$是从形式$f$作为一个参数的家庭作用于$f$的主导项。我们证明了存在${\cal K}$的平坦化${\cal K}_0$,$f$的稳定器,它作为${\cal H}$的子代数,稳定器$g$。我们专门的情况下,形式$f$的$SL(X)$ -轨道是仿射的,和轨道的$g$是余维$1$。我们表明,(i)要么${\cal H}$具有非常简单的结构,或(ii)共轭的元素${\cal K}$也稳定$g$和切线的出口。接下来,我们将其应用于伴随作用。我们证明了对于一般的矩阵$X$,其射影轨道闭包(共轭下)的幂零矩阵的签名由$X$的谱的重数数据决定。最后,我们制定的路径问题,寻找路径的特定属性从$y$到其极限点$x$作为一个优化问题,使用局部微分几何。我们的研究是基于第二作者和Ketan Mulmuley提出的几何复杂性理论。

英文摘要:

Let $G$ be a connected reductive group acting on a complex vector space $V$ and projective space ${\mathbb P}V$. Let $x\in V$ and ${\cal H}\subseteq {\cal G}$ be the Lie algebra of its stabilizer. Our objective is to understand points $[y]$, and their stabilizers which occur in the vicinity of $[x]$. We construct an explicit ${\cal G}$-action on a suitable neighbourhood of $x$, which we call the local model at $x$. We show that Lie algebras of stabilizers of points in the vicinity of $x$ are parameterized by subspaces of ${\cal H}$. When ${\cal H}$ is reductive these are Lie subalgebras of ${\cal H}$. If the orbit of $x$ is closed this also follows from Luna's theorem. Our construction involves a map connected to the local curvature form at $x$. We apply the local model to forms, when the form $g$ is obtained from the form $f$ as the leading term of a one parameter family acting on $f$. We show that there is a flattening ${\cal K}_0$ of ${\cal K}$, the stabilizer of $f$ which sits as a subalgebra of ${\cal H}$, the stabilizer $g$. We specialize to the case of forms $f$ whose $SL(X)$-orbits are affine, and the orbit of $g$ is of co-dimension $1$. We show that (i) either ${\cal H}$ has a very simple structure, or (ii) conjugates of the elements of ${\cal K}$ also stabilize $g$ and the tangent of exit. Next, we apply this to the adjoint action. We show that for a general matrix $X$, the signatures of nilpotent matrices in its projective orbit closure (under conjugation) are determined by the multiplicity data of the spectrum of $X$. Finally, we formulate the path problem of finding paths with specific properties from $y$ to its limit points $x$ as an optimization problem using local differential geometry. Our study is motivated by Geometric Complexity Theory proposed by the second author and Ketan Mulmuley.

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