arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2201.00031cs.CRcs.CY
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基于集群事件的隐私保护COVID-19暴露通知

Privacy-Protecting COVID-19 Exposure Notification Based on Cluster Events

Paul Syverson

摘要:

我们提供了一个简单的系统设计的草图,用于基于聚集性事件的共现来通知COVID-19感染的暴露情况-出现阈值数量的测试阳性(TP)个体的位置和时间。与其他设计不同,例如DP 3 T或Apple-Google安全通知系统,该设计不基于检测到TP个体的直接接近来跟踪或通知。该设计利用了现有或正在开发的COVID-19检测方法,这些方法相对便宜,不到一小时就能返回结果,并且具有高特异性,但灵敏度可能较低。它还使用移动电话和类似设备的现成位置跟踪。它报告TP个体存在的事件,但不将事件与个体或个体历史中的其他事件联系起来。参与个体被通知检测到的集群事件。然后,他们可以将这些本地数据与自己的位置历史进行比较。监测到的集群事件可通过公开渠道予以公布。因此,没有参加报告制度的个人仍然可以得到有关接触的通知。适当的安全分析超出了本设计草图的范围。然而,我们确实讨论了对各种对手的抵抗和对隐私的攻击以及虚假报告攻击。

英文摘要:

We provide a rough sketch of a simple system design for exposure notification of COVID-19 infections based on copresence at cluster events -- locations and times where a threshold number of tested-positive (TP) individuals were present. Unlike other designs, such as DP3T or the Apple-Google exposure-notification system, this design does not track or notify based on detecting direct proximity to TP individuals. The design makes use of existing or in-development tests for COVID-19 that are relatively cheap and return results in less than an hour, and that have high specificity but may have lower sensitivity. It also uses readily available location tracking for mobile phones and similar devices. It reports events at which TP individuals were present but does not link events with individuals or with other events in an individual's history. Participating individuals are notified of detected cluster events. They can then compare these locally to their own location history. Detected cluster events can be publicized through public channels. Thus, individuals not participating in the reporting system can still be notified of exposure. A proper security analysis is beyond the scope of this design sketch. We do, however, discuss resistance to various adversaries and attacks on privacy as well as false-reporting attacks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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