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arXiv 2112.09751cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.str-el
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钛酸锶超导圆顶的同位素调谐

Isotope tuning of the superconducting dome of strontium titanate

C. W. Rischau, D. Pulmannova, G. W. Scheerer, A. Stucky, E. Giannini, D. van der Marel

摘要:

掺杂钛酸锶SrTiO $_3$(STO)是当今已知的最稀的超导体之一。超导性在非常低的载流子浓度下发生的事实是配对机制尚未被理解的两个原因之一,另一个是接近铁电不稳定性所起的作用。在未掺杂的STO中,铁电有序事实上可以通过用其较重的同位素$^{18}$ O取代$^{16}$ O来稳定。在这里,我们探索的超导性能的掺杂和同位素取代的SrTi $(^{18}$ O $_{y}^{16}$ O $_{1-y})_{3-δ}$的$0\le y \le 0.81$和$6\times 10^{17}$和$2\times 10^{20}$ cm $^{-3}$($δ<0.02$)之间的载流子浓度。我们发现,超导$T_c$增加时,$^{18}$ O浓度的增加。对于约$5\times 10^{19}$ ~cm $^{-3}$的载流子浓度,该$T_c$增加几乎相当于$3$的一个因子,对于$y=0.74$,$T_c$高达580~mK。当接近SrTi $^{18}$ O $_3$时,最大$T_c$出现在比纯SrTi $^{16}$ O $_3$小得多的载流子密度处。我们的观察同意定性的情况下,超导配对介导的铁电软模式的波动。

英文摘要:

Doped strontium titanate SrTiO$_3$ (STO) is one of the most dilute superconductors known today. The fact that superconductivity occurs at very low carrier concentrations is one of the two reasons that the pairing mechanism is not yet understood, the other is the role played by the proximity to a ferroelectric instability. In undoped STO, ferroelectric order can in fact be stabilized by substituting $^{16}$O with its heavier isotope $^{18}$O. Here we explore the superconducting properties of doped and isotope-substituted SrTi$(^{18}$O$_{y}^{16}$O$_{1-y})_{3-δ}$ for $0\le y \le 0.81$ and carrier concentrations between $6\times 10^{17}$ and $2\times 10^{20}$ cm$^{-3}$ ($δ<0.02$). We show that the superconducting $T_c$ increases when the $^{18}$O concentration is increased. For carrier concentrations around $5\times 10^{19}$~cm$^{-3}$ this $T_c$ increase amounts to almost a factor $3$, with $T_c$ as high as 580~mK for $y=0.74$. When approaching SrTi$^{18}$O$_3$ the maximum $T_c$ occurs at a much smaller carrier densities than for pure SrTi$^{16}$O$_3$. Our observations agree qualitatively with a scenario where superconducting pairing is mediated by fluctuations of the ferroelectric soft mode.

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