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arXiv 2112.09366cs.RO
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基于场景的自动驾驶汽车安全评估框架

Scenario-Based Safety Assessment Framework for Automated Vehicles

TNO Singapore(荷兰应用科学研究组织新加坡);TÜV SÜD Asia Pacific Pte Ltd(TÜV南德意志集团亚太私人有限公司);Nanyang Technological University(南洋理工大学)

J. Ploeg, E. de Gelder, M. Slavík, E. Querner, T. Webster, N. de Boer

摘要:

预计自动驾驶汽车(AV)将通过实现灵活的按需移动系统来提高交通安全和交通效率。这在新加坡尤其重要,新加坡是世界上人口最稠密的国家之一,这就是为什么新加坡当局目前正在积极促进自动驾驶汽车的部署。因此,需要一个正式的AV道路审批程序。为此,提出了一个安全评估框架,它结合了标准化的功能安全设计方法与基于交通安全的方法。后者涉及使用驾驶数据来提取与AV相关的交通场景。基本的方法是基于分解成基本事件的场景,随后的场景参数化,和抽样的估计概率密度函数的场景参数,以创建测试场景。由此产生的测试方案随后被用于在模拟环境中进行虚拟测试,并在试验场和现实生活中进行物理测试。因此,由于基于模拟的方法,所提出的评估管道因此在相对较短的时间范围内为AV性能提供统计相关和定量测量。最终,所提出的方法为当局提供了一个正式的自动驾驶汽车道路审批程序。特别是,拟议的方法将支持新加坡陆路交通管理局对自动驾驶汽车的道路审批。

英文摘要:

Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to increase traffic safety and traffic efficiency, among others by enabling flexible mobility-on-demand systems. This is particularly important in Singapore, being one of the world's most densely populated countries, which is why the Singaporean authorities are currently actively facilitating the deployment of AVs. As a consequence, however, the need arises for a formal AV road approval procedure. To this end, a safety assessment framework is proposed, which combines aspects of the standardized functional safety design methodology with a traffic scenario-based approach. The latter involves using driving data to extract AV-relevant traffic scenarios. The underlying approach is based on decomposition of scenarios into elementary events, subsequent scenario parametrization, and sampling of the estimated probability density functions of the scenario parameters to create test scenarios. The resulting test scenarios are subsequently employed for virtual testing in a simulation environment and physical testing on a proving ground and in real life. As a result, the proposed assessment pipeline thus provides statistically relevant and quantitative measures for the AV performance in a relatively short time frame due to the simulation-based approach. Ultimately, the proposed methodology provides authorities with a formal road approval procedure for AVs. In particular, the proposed methodology will support the Singaporean Land Transport Authority for road approval of AVs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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