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arXiv 2112.04541astro-ph.GA
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星际弥散带族和星团:数据驱动的相关分析

Families and Clusters of Diffuse Interstellar Bands: a Data-Driven Correlation Analysis

Haoyu Fan, Madison Schwartz, Amin Farhang, Nick L. J. Cox, Pascale Ehrenfreund, Ana Monreal-Ibero, Bernard H. Foing, Farid Salama, Klay Kulik, Heather MacIsaac,… 展开作者

Haoyu Fan, Madison Schwartz, Amin Farhang, Nick L. J. Cox, Pascale Ehrenfreund, Ana Monreal-Ibero, Bernard H. Foing, Farid Salama, Klay Kulik, Heather MacIsaac, Jacco Th. van Loon, Jan Cami

摘要:

在天文光谱中已经观测到500多个弥散星际带(DIB),在过去的几十年里,人们研究了它们在不同环境中的特征和相关性,以揭示有关载体性质的线索。我们比较了DIB的等效宽度,归一化为红化量E_B-V,以使用包含在25条视线中测量的54个DIB的数据样本来搜索反相关DIB对。该数据样本涵盖了光学区域中大多数强的和通常检测到的DIB,并且视线探测了各种ISM条件。我们发现12.9%的DIB对是反相关的,最低的Pearson相关系数为r_norm ~-0.7。我们重新审视基于相关性的DIB家族,并能够通过应用层次凝聚和k-均值聚类算法来重现这些家族的分配。我们可视化DIB之间的差异,表示为1 - r_norm,使用多维缩放(MDS)。通过这种表示,我们发现DIB形成了一个相当连续的序列,这意味着DIB载波的一些性质是随着这个序列逐渐变化的。我们还发现,至少需要两个因素来正确解释DIBs之间的差异。虽然第一个因素可能被解释为与DIB载体的电离特性有关,但第二个因素的物理解释不太清楚,可能与DIB载体如何与周围的星际物质相互作用有关。

英文摘要:

More than 500 diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) have been observed in astronomical spectra, and their signatures and correlations in different environments have been studied over the past decades to reveal clues about the nature of the carriers. We compare the equivalent widths of the DIBs, normalized to the amount of reddening, E_B-V, to search for anti-correlated DIB pairs using a data sample containing 54 DIBs measured in 25 sight lines. This data sample covers most of the strong and commonly detected DIBs in the optical region, and the sight lines probe a variety of ISM conditions. We find that 12.9% of the DIB pairs are anti-correlated, and the lowest Pearson correlation coefficient is r_norm ~ -0.7. We revisit correlation-based DIB families and are able to reproduce the assignments of such families for the well-studied DIBs by applying hierarchical agglomerative and k-means clustering algorithms. We visualize the dissimilarities between DIBs, represented by 1 - r_norm, using multi-dimensional scaling (MDS). With this representation, we find that the DIBs form a rather continuous sequence, which implies that some properties of the DIB carriers are changing gradually following this sequence. We also find at that least two factors are needed to properly explain the dissimilarities between DIBs. While the first factor may be interpreted as related to the ionization properties of the DIB carriers, a physical interpretation of the second factor is less clear and may be related to how DIB carriers interact with surrounding interstellar material.

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