电磁散射与边界层算子中的相对迹公式
The relative trace formula in electromagnetic scattering and boundary layer operators
AI总结:
本文针对三维Lipschitz区域上带相对和绝对边界条件的无散矢量场,建立基于拉普拉斯算子泛函演算的算子迹公式,证明其在电磁散射中的合理性并阐明相关函数空间,特殊情况可简化为Casimir能量行列式公式。
摘要:
本文针对三维欧几里得空间($\mathbb{R}^3$)中Lipschitz区域上带相对和绝对边界条件的无散矢量场,建立了基于拉普拉斯算子泛函演算定义的一类算子的迹公式。绝对和相对拉普拉斯算子的谱与散射理论等价于麦克斯韦方程组的谱分析与散射理论。该迹公式允许泛函演算中使用无界函数,而这些函数在Birman-Krein公式中是不可接受的。在特殊情况下,迹公式可简化为Casimir能量的行列式公式,该公式已在物理学文献中用于计算具有金属边界条件物体的Casimir能量。我们的定理在Lipschitz区域电磁散射的情况下证明了这些公式的合理性,将其严格定义为某些迹类算子的迹,并阐明了计算行列式所需的函数空间。
英文摘要:
This paper establishes trace-formulae for a class of operators defined in terms of the functional calculus for the Laplace operator on divergence-free vector fields with relative and absolute boundary conditions on Lipschitz domains in $\mathbb{R}^3$. Spectral and scattering theory of the absolute and relative Laplacian is equivalent to the spectral analysis and scattering theory for Maxwell equations. The trace-formulae allow for unbounded functions in the functional calculus that are not admissible in the Birman-Krein formula. In special cases the trace-formula reduces to a determinant formula for the Casimir energy that is being used in the physics literature for the computation of the Casimir energy for objects with metallic boundary conditions. Our theorems justify these formulae in the case of electromagnetic scattering on Lipschitz domains, give a rigorous meaning to them as the trace of certain trace-class operators, and clarifies the function spaces on which the determinants need to be taken.
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