arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2111.07129cs.CVcs.AI
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基于文档图像的复杂表格结构的可视化理解

Visual Understanding of Complex Table Structures from Document Images

IIIT-Hyderabad(海得拉巴国际信息技术学院)

Sachin Raja, Ajoy Mondal, C V Jawahar

摘要:

表格结构识别是全面理解文档的必要条件。非结构化业务文档中的表很难解析,因为它们的布局非常多样化,内容对齐方式各异,并且存在空单元格。这个问题特别困难,因为在使用视觉或语言背景或两者来识别单个细胞方面存在挑战。准确检测表格单元格(包括空单元格)简化了结构提取,因此,它成为我们工作的主要重点。我们提出了一种新的基于对象检测的深度模型,该模型捕获表中单元格的固有对齐,并进行了微调以实现快速优化。尽管准确检测单元格,但识别密集表的结构可能仍然具有挑战性,因为在存在多行/列跨越单元格的情况下难以捕获长范围行/列依赖性。因此,我们还旨在通过推导一种新的基于直线图的公式来提高结构识别。从语义的角度来看,我们强调了表中空单元格的重要性。考虑到这些细胞,我们建议增强一个流行的评价标准。最后,我们引入了一个适度大小的评估数据集,其注释风格受到人类认知的启发,以鼓励解决问题的新方法。我们的框架在基准数据集上的平均F1分数提高了2.7%。

英文摘要:

Table structure recognition is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of documents. Tables in unstructured business documents are tough to parse due to the high diversity of layouts, varying alignments of contents, and the presence of empty cells. The problem is particularly difficult because of challenges in identifying individual cells using visual or linguistic contexts or both. Accurate detection of table cells (including empty cells) simplifies structure extraction and hence, it becomes the prime focus of our work. We propose a novel object-detection-based deep model that captures the inherent alignments of cells within tables and is fine-tuned for fast optimization. Despite accurate detection of cells, recognizing structures for dense tables may still be challenging because of difficulties in capturing long-range row/column dependencies in presence of multi-row/column spanning cells. Therefore, we also aim to improve structure recognition by deducing a novel rectilinear graph-based formulation. From a semantics perspective, we highlight the significance of empty cells in a table. To take these cells into account, we suggest an enhancement to a popular evaluation criterion. Finally, we introduce a modestly sized evaluation dataset with an annotation style inspired by human cognition to encourage new approaches to the problem. Our framework improves the previous state-of-the-art performance by a 2.7% average F1-score on benchmark datasets.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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