arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2103.05110cs.CV
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基于视觉特征的Web表格分类

Web Table Classification based on Visual Features

Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen(蒂宾根大学赫克托教育科学与心理学研究所);University of Mannheim(曼海姆大学)

Babette Bühler, Heiko Paulheim

摘要:

网络上的表格构成了许多应用程序的宝贵数据源,如事实搜索和知识库扩充。然而,由于真正的表只占一小部分的表在Web上的关系知识,可靠的真正的Web表分类是至关重要的第一步表提取。以前的作品通常依赖于HTML代码的显式特征构造。相比之下,我们提出了一种Web表格分类的方法,利用完整的视觉外观的表,它的工作原理纯粹是通过应用卷积神经网络的渲染图像的Web表格。由于这些视觉特征可以自动提取,我们的方法规避了显式特征构建的需要。为此任务生成了一个新的手工标记的黄金标准数据集,其中包含13,112个表的HTML源代码和图像。将迁移学习技术应用于众所周知的VGG 16和ResNet 50架构。使用微调的ResNet50(F1 93.29%)对CNN图像分类进行的评估表明,这种方法实现了与使用显式定义的基于HTML代码的特征的先前解决方案相当的结果。通过结合视觉和显式特征,随机森林分类可以实现93.70%的F测量,这击败了当前最先进的方法。

英文摘要:

Tables on the web constitute a valuable data source for many applications, like factual search and knowledge base augmentation. However, as genuine tables containing relational knowledge only account for a small proportion of tables on the web, reliable genuine web table classification is a crucial first step of table extraction. Previous works usually rely on explicit feature construction from the HTML code. In contrast, we propose an approach for web table classification by exploiting the full visual appearance of a table, which works purely by applying a convolutional neural network on the rendered image of the web table. Since these visual features can be extracted automatically, our approach circumvents the need for explicit feature construction. A new hand labeled gold standard dataset containing HTML source code and images for 13,112 tables was generated for this task. Transfer learning techniques are applied to well known VGG16 and ResNet50 architectures. The evaluation of CNN image classification with fine tuned ResNet50 (F1 93.29%) shows that this approach achieves results comparable to previous solutions using explicitly defined HTML code based features. By combining visual and explicit features, an F-measure of 93.70% can be achieved by Random Forest classification, which beats current state of the art methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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