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arXiv 2111.06409astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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QSO 1228+3128巨大Ly $α$星云中的大质量分子外流和100 kpc扩展冷晕气体

Massive molecular outflow and 100 kpc extended cold halo gas in the enormous Ly$α$ nebula of QSO 1228+3128

Jianrui Li, Bjorn H. C. Emonts, Zheng Cai, J. Xavier Prochaska, Ilsang Yoon, Matthew D. Lehnert, Shiwu Zhang, Yunjing Wu, Jianan Li, Mingyu Li, Mark Lacy, Montserrat Villar-Martín

摘要:

环星系介质(CGM)与高$z$的大质量星系的恒星生长之间的联系取决于广泛分布的冷分子气体的性质。作为SUPERCOLD-CGM巡天的一部分(原星团ELANE巡天揭示了Ly $α$ -探测到的CGM中的CO/ \ci \),我们在$z=2.2218$展示了射电响亮的类星体Q1228+3128,它嵌在巨大的Ly $α$星云中。对CO(4-3)的ALMA+ACA观测揭示了大量的分子外流,以及CGM中横跨$\sim$ 100 kpc的更广泛的分子气藏,每个分子气藏都含有大量的M $_{\rm H2}$ \、$\sim$\、4 $-$ 5\、$\times$\、10 $^{10}$ M $_{\odot}$。流出和分子CGM空间上对齐,沿着内部无线电喷流的方向。通过对Keck宇宙网成像仪Q1228+3128的Ly $α$数据的重新分析,我们发现扩展CO的速度与Ly $α$星云的红移和大质量外流的整体速度一致。我们提出了一个方案,在Q1228+3128的射电源驱动的分子外流,也可能丰富或冷却CGM。此外,我们发现扩展的CO发射在空间上几乎垂直于扩展的Ly $α$星云,这表明两种气相没有很好地混合,甚至可能代表不同的现象(例如,流出对流入)。我们的研究结果提供了重要的证据,支持预测的重子回收过程,推动大质量星系的早期演化。

英文摘要:

The link between the circum-galactic medium (CGM) and the stellar growth of massive galaxies at high-$z$ depends on the properties of the widespread cold molecular gas. As part of the SUPERCOLD-CGM survey (Survey of Protocluster ELANe Revealing CO/\ci\ in the Ly$α$-Detected CGM), we present the radio-loud QSO Q1228+3128 at $z=2.2218$, which is embedded in an enormous Ly$α$ nebula. ALMA+ACA observations of CO(4-3) reveal both a massive molecular outflow, and a more extended molecular gas reservoir across $\sim$100 kpc in the CGM each containing a mass of M$_{\rm H2}$\,$\sim$\,4$-$5\,$\times$\,10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$. The outflow and molecular CGM are aligned spatially, along the direction of an inner radio jet. After re-analysis of Ly$α$ data of Q1228+3128 from the Keck Cosmic Web Imager, we found that the velocity of the extended CO agrees with the redshift derived from the Ly$α$ nebula and the bulk velocity of the massive outflow. We propose a scenario where the radio source in Q1228+3128 is driving the molecular outflow and perhaps also enriching or cooling the CGM. In addition, we found that the extended CO emission is nearly perpendicular to the extended Ly$α$ nebula spatially, indicating that the two gas phases are not well mixed, and possibly even represent different phenomena (e.g., outflow vs. infall). Our results provide crucial evidence in support of predicted baryonic recycling processes that drive the early evolution of massive galaxies.

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