MUSE揭示的奇异类星体J0952 +0114系统中的一个巨大Ly $α$星云和一个小规模的星团外流
A giant Ly$α$ nebula and a small-scale clumpy outflow in the system of the exotic quasar J0952+0114 unveiled by MUSE
摘要：
著名的类星体SDSS J 095253.83 +011421.9（J 0952 +0114）在z=3.02处有迄今为止发现的最奇特的光谱之一，显示出窄的Ly $α$和宽的金属发射线的存在。虽然最近的研究表明，近端阻尼赖氨酸$α$系统（PDLA）导致这种特殊的光谱，与PDLA相关的气体的来源是未知的。在这里，我们报告的MUSE观测结果，揭示了一个新的巨大（$\approx$ 100物理千秒差距）莱曼$α$星云。对Ly $α$速度、速度色散和表面亮度剖面的详细分析表明，J 0952 +0114 Ly $α$星云与以前用MUSE探测到的其他类星体星云具有相似的性质，这意味着J 0952 +0144中的PDLA只覆盖了类星体发射立体角的一小部分。我们还检测到明亮和光谱窄的CIV $λ$ 1550和HeII $λ$ 1640扩展发射J 0952 +0114附近的速度质心类似的扩展和中央窄的Ly $α$发射的峰值。一个特别明亮的，未解决的，和相对广泛的HeII $λ$ 1640发射在中心区域在完全相同的PDLA红移的存在暗示的可能性，PDLA起源于一个clusional外流与约500公里/秒的整体速度。大尺度Ly $α$辐射的速度弥散较小，表明高速外流仅限于中心区域。最后，推导出的空间分辨HeII/Ly $α$和CIV/Ly $α$地图显示出一个正的梯度与类星体的距离暗示在一个非均匀的电离参数分布。
英文摘要：
The well-known quasar SDSS J095253.83+011421.9 (J0952+0114) at z=3.02 has one of the most peculiar spectra discovered so far, showing the presence of narrow Ly$α$ and broad metal emission lines. Although recent studies have suggested that a Proximate Damped Ly$α$ system (PDLA) causes this peculiar spectrum, the origin of the gas associated with the PDLA is unknown. Here we report the results of MUSE observations that reveal a new giant ($\approx$ 100 physical kpc) Lyman $α$ nebula. The detailed analysis of the Ly$α$ velocity, velocity dispersion, and surface brightness profiles suggests that the J0952+0114 Ly$α$ nebula shares similar properties of other QSO nebulae previously detected with MUSE, implying that the PDLA in J0952+0144 is covering only a small fraction of the QSO emission solid angle. We also detected bright and spectrally narrow CIV$λ$1550 and HeII$λ$1640 extended emission around J0952+0114 with velocity centroids similar to the peak of the extended and central narrow Ly$α$ emission. The presence of a peculiarly bright, unresolved, and relatively broad HeII$λ$1640 emission in the central region at exactly the same PDLA redshift hints at the possibility that the PDLA originates in a clumpy outflow with a bulk velocity of about 500 km/s. The smaller velocity dispersion of the large scale Ly$α$ emission suggests that the high-speed outflow is confined to the central region. Lastly, the derived spatially resolved HeII/Ly$α$ and CIV/Ly$α$ maps show a positive gradient with the distance to the QSO hinting at a non-homogeneous ionization parameter distribution.
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