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arXiv 2111.05752astro-ph.HEgr-qcnucl-th
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广义相对论等离子体的无碰撞矩与耗散双流体磁流体动力学建模

Modeling general-relativistic plasmas with collisionless moments and dissipative two-fluid magnetohydrodynamics

Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);Institute for Advanced Study(高等研究院);Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation(西蒙斯基金会平顿研究所);University of Maryland, College Park(马里兰大学帕克分校);University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校)

Elias R. Most, Jorge Noronha, Alexander A. Philippov

AI总结:

本文提出基于14矩的完全相对论协变双流体模型,直接从Boltzmann-Vlasov方程导出广义Israel-Stewart型方程组,能捕捉各向异性压力与热通量等非理想效应,为黑洞吸积及致密天体周围等离子体模拟提供新框架。

摘要:

相对论等离子体是研究黑洞吸积、喷流物理、中子星并合以及致密天体磁层的核心。尽管需要准确捕捉这些等离子体的动力学及其对相对论瞬变现象的影响,其流体建模通常采用一系列(过度)简化的假设,而这些假设在一般情况下并不成立。当等离子体中的平均自由程远大于系统尺度时,这一情况尤为突出,此时动力学效应开始变得重要。超越文献中常用的方法,我们描述了一个完全相对论协变的、基于14矩的双流体系统,适用于研究电子-离子或电子-正电子等离子体。这一推广的Israel-Stewart型运动方程组直接从相对论Boltzmann-Vlasov方程导出。关键在于,这一新公式能够考虑非理想效应,如各向异性压力和热通量。我们证明,相对论双流体等离子体可以重新表述为与电磁场耦合的单流体,并带有(可能较大的)非平衡修正。特别地,我们保留了所有电子自由度,从而为电子温度和动量提供了自洽的演化方程。本文概述的方程能够捕捉黑洞吸积和致密天体周围耀发过程中无碰撞等离子体的完整双流体特性,以及适用于吸积盘内弱碰撞等离子体的Braginskii型双流体磁流体动力学。这一新公式将有助于构建下一代围绕黑洞和中子星产生的相对论瞬变现象的大规模模拟。

英文摘要:

Relativistic plasmas are central to the study of black hole accretion, jet physics, neutron star mergers, and compact object magnetospheres. Despite the need to accurately capture the dynamics of these plasmas and the implications for relativistic transients, their fluid modeling is typically done using a number of (overly) simplifying assumptions, which do not hold in general. This is especially true when the mean free path in the plasma is large compared to the system size, and kinetic effects start to become important. Going beyond common approaches used in the literature, we describe a fully relativistic covariant 14-moment based two-fluid system appropriate for the study of electron-ion or electron-positron plasmas. This generalized Israel-Stewart-like system of equations of motion is obtained directly from the relativistic Boltzmann-Vlasov equation. Crucially, this new formulation can account for non-ideal effects, such as anisotropic pressures and heat fluxes. We show that a relativistic two-fluid plasma can be recast as a single fluid coupled to electromagnetic fields with (potentially large) out-of-equilibrium corrections. In particular, we keep all electron degrees of freedom, which provide self-consistent evolution equations for electron temperature and momentum. The equations outlined in this paper are able to capture the full two-fluid character of collisionless plasmas found in black hole accretion and flaring processes around compact objects, as well Braginskii-like two-fluid magnetohydrodynamics applicable to weakly collisional plasmas inside accretion disks. This new formulation will be instrumental in the construction of a large class of next-generation simulations of relativistic transient phenomena produced around black holes and neutron stars.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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