用引力波测量活动星系核盘的性质
Measuring the properties of active galactic nuclei disks with gravitational waves
摘要：
活动星系核是形成并合双黑洞系统的有利环境。在观测到来自对不稳定质量隙的BBH系统的引力波后，人们对活动星系核作为BBH合并的温床的兴趣正在上升，其中最著名的是GW 190521。活动星系核也被用来解释高质量比系统GW190814的形成。我们利用活动星系核中BBH系统的模拟结果，提出了活动星系核中合并双星黑洞自旋分布的唯象模型。该模型结合了不同的功能，使活动星系核通道可能区别于其他渠道，如在外地和球状星团的组装。模型参数可以精确地映射到活动星系核盘的年龄和密度。我们估计在何种程度上不同的人口合并活动星系核可以区分。如果大多数合并中的黑洞都聚集在活动星系核中，未来的引力波观测可能会提供活动星系核圆盘动力学的见解。
英文摘要：
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are promising environments for the assembly of merging binary black hole (BBH) systems. Interest in AGNs as nurseries for merging BBH is rising following the detection of gravitational waves from a BBH system from the purported pair-instability mass gap, most notably, GW190521. Active galactic nuclei have also been invoked to explain the formation of the high-mass-ratio system, GW190814. We draw on simulations of BBH systems in AGN to propose a phenomenological model for the distribution of black hole spins of merging binaries in AGN disks. The model incorporates distinct features that make the AGN channel potentially distinguishable from other channels, such as assembly in the field and in globular clusters. The model parameters can be mapped heuristically to the age and density of AGN disks. We estimate the extent to which different populations of mergers in AGNs can be distinguished. If most merging black holes are assembled in AGNs, future gravitational-wave observations may provide insights into the dynamics of AGN disks.
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