重离子同步加速器空间电荷极限的模拟研究
Simulation Study of the Space Charge Limit in Heavy-ion Synchrotrons
AI总结：
本研究利用带自洽求解器的粒子追踪工具模拟重离子同步加速器SIS100的空间电荷极限，验证了非自洽模型的精度，确定了低损耗工作点与极限束团强度，并提出扩限对策。
摘要：
作为GSI（亥姆霍兹重离子研究中心）新建FAIR（反质子与离子研究装置）加速器设施组成部分的SIS100同步加速器，需在轻离子与重离子束的“空间电荷极限”下运行，全周期内因空间电荷引发的共振穿越导致的束流损失不得超过百分之几。目前，搭载3D空间电荷力自洽求解器的粒子追踪工具性能取得进展，使得我们能够在考虑SIS100完整1秒（16万圈）累积平台的前提下，可靠识别调谐空间中的低损耗区域。模拟还纳入了从SIS100主二极磁铁与四极磁铁的精密台架测量中提取的真实磁铁误差模型。此前这类束流动力学模拟需采用非自洽空间电荷模型，通过与自洽模拟结果对比，我们证实这类速度更快的空间电荷模型的预测结果，可用于以足够精度识别低损耗区域。\n 研究结果已用于为FAIR设计束流参数确定SIS100中的低损耗工作点区域，并测定了空间电荷极限下的束团强度。此外还提出了若干应对空间电荷的对策，以扩大低损耗区域并进一步提升空间电荷极限。
英文摘要：
The SIS100 synchrotron as a part of the new FAIR accelerator facility at GSI should be operated at the "space charge limit" for light and heavy ion beams. Beam losses due to space charge induced resonance crossing should not exceed a few percent during a full cycle. The recent advances in the performance of particle tracking tools with self-consistent solvers for the 3D space charge forces now allow us to reliably identify low-loss areas in tune space, considering the full 1s (160'000 turns) accumulation plateau in SIS100. A realistic magnet error model, extracted from precise bench measurements of the SIS100 main dipole and quadrupole magnets, is included in the simulations. Previously such beam dynamics simulations required non-self-consistent space charge models. By comparing to the self-consistent simulations results we are now able to demonstrate that the predictions from such faster space charge models can be used to identify low-loss regions with sufficient accuracy. The findings are applied by identifying a low-loss working point region in SIS100 for the design FAIR beam parameters. The bunch intensity at the space charge limit is determined. Several counter-measures to space charge are proposed to enlarge the low-loss area and to further increase the space charge limit.
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