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arXiv 2110.03428gr-qcastro-ph.CO
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超轻暗物质的动力学摩擦

Dynamical Friction From Ultralight Dark Matter

Yourong Wang, Richard Easther

摘要:

我们模拟了大质量物体与超轻/模糊暗物质(ULDM/FDM)相互作用的引力动力学,非相对论量子物质由薛定谔-泊松方程描述。首先考虑在均匀背景中运动的质点,然后考虑在ULDM孤子中运动的超大质量黑洞。在复制简单的动态摩擦的情况下,以验证我们的数值策略,我们表明,在均匀介质中的移动质量引起的尾流可能会发生引力坍缩,显着增加的阻力,虽然在一个场景中不太可能遇到天体物理。我们广泛确认简单的估计动态摩擦时间尺度的黑洞中心的晕,但看到一个大的移动质点激发相干的“呼吸模式”在ULDM孤子。这些可能导致点质量的“石头跳跃”轨迹,这些轨迹不会均匀地朝向孤子的中心下沉,以及中心附近的随机运动。这些效应将增加SMBH-UDM相互作用和UDM宇宙中SMBH合并的复杂性。

英文摘要:

We simulate the gravitational dynamics of a massive object interacting with Ultralight / Fuzzy Dark Matter (ULDM/FDM), non-relativistic quantum matter described by the Schrodinger-Poisson equation. We first consider a point mass moving in a uniform background, and then a supermassive black hole (SMBH) moving within a ULDM soliton. After replicating simple dynamical friction scenarios to verify our numerical strategies, we demonstrate that the wake induced by a moving mass in a uniform medium may undergo gravitational collapse that dramatically increases the drag force, albeit in a scenario unlikely to be encountered astrophysically. We broadly confirm simple estimates of dynamical friction timescales for a black hole at the center of a halo but see that a large moving point mass excites coherent "breathing modes" in a ULDM soliton. These can lead to "stone skipping" trajectories for point masses which do not sink uniformly toward the center of the soliton, as well as stochastic motion near the center itself. These effects will add complexity to SMBH-ULDM interactions and to SMBH mergers in a ULDM universe.

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