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arXiv 2110.03055stat.COstat.ME
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两组正态-正态模型后验推断的快速方法

Fast methods for posterior inference of two-group normal-normal models

Philip Greengard, Jeremy Hoskins, Charles C. Margossian, Andrew Gelman, Aki Vehtari

摘要:

本文描述了一类估计具有正态似然和正态先验的回归系数的贝叶斯线性回归模型的后验矩的算法。所提出的方法可用于分层混合效应模型与部分池在一组预测,以及随机效应模型与部分池在两组预测。我们展示了两个应用程序的方法的性能,一个涉及美国的民意调查,一个涉及使用调查数据在以色列的COVID-19疫情建模。该算法涉及分析边缘化的回归系数,其次是剩余的低维密度的数值积分。该算法的主要成本是一个特征分解计算一次的外部参数的积分值。我们的方法大大减少了运行时间相比,国家的最先进的马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(MCMC)算法。后者,除了计算昂贵,也很难调整时,应用于分层模型。

英文摘要:

We describe a class of algorithms for evaluating posterior moments of certain Bayesian linear regression models with a normal likelihood and a normal prior on the regression coefficients. The proposed methods can be used for hierarchical mixed effects models with partial pooling over one group of predictors, as well as random effects models with partial pooling over two groups of predictors. We demonstrate the performance of the methods on two applications, one involving U.S. opinion polls and one involving the modeling of COVID-19 outbreaks in Israel using survey data. The algorithms involve analytical marginalization of regression coefficients followed by numerical integration of the remaining low-dimensional density. The dominant cost of the algorithms is an eigendecomposition computed once for each value of the outside parameter of integration. Our approach drastically reduces run times compared to state-of-the-art Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms. The latter, in addition to being computationally expensive, can also be difficult to tune when applied to hierarchical models.

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