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arXiv 2110.02401stat.ME
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基于二维评分的异质性处理效应估计

2D score based estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects

Steven Siwei Ye, Yanzhen Chen, Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla

AI总结:

本文提出基于倾向评分和预后评分的二维评分框架,结合匹配与非参数回归树估计条件平均处理效应,在模拟和实证数据中优于现有方法。

摘要:

统计学家对在观察性研究中估计和分析因果效应的异质性表现出日益增长的兴趣。然而,在开发理想的处理效应估计量时,通常存在准确性与可解释性之间的权衡,尤其是在估计涉及大量特征的情况下。为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种基于评分的框架来估计条件平均处理效应(CATE)函数。该框架整合了两个组成部分:(i)在匹配算法中利用倾向评分和预后评分的联合使用,为每个观测获得异质性处理效应的代理;(ii)利用非参数回归树构建以这两个评分为条件的CATE函数估计量。该方法自然地将处理效应分层为二维网格上的子组,其轴分别为倾向评分和预后评分。我们在多个模拟数据上进行了基准实验,并展示了所提出的估计量相对于最先进方法的明显优势。我们还使用来自一项临床试验和一项复杂社会调查的两个观察性数据评估了实证性能,并根据数值结果解释了政策含义。

英文摘要:

Statisticians show growing interest in estimating and analyzing heterogeneity in causal effects in observational studies. However, there usually exists a trade-off between accuracy and interpretability for developing a desirable estimator for treatment effects, especially in the case when there are a large number of features in estimation. To make efforts to address the issue, we propose a score-based framework for estimating the Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE) function in this paper. The framework integrates two components: (i) leverage the joint use of propensity and prognostic scores in a matching algorithm to obtain a proxy of the heterogeneous treatment effects for each observation, (ii) utilize non-parametric regression trees to construct an estimator for the CATE function conditioning on the two scores. The method naturally stratifies treatment effects into subgroups over a 2d grid whose axis are the propensity and prognostic scores. We conduct benchmark experiments on multiple simulated data and demonstrate clear advantages of the proposed estimator over state of the art methods. We also evaluate empirical performance in real-life settings, using two observational data from a clinical trial and a complex social survey, and interpret policy implications following the numerical results.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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