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arXiv 2109.14980quant-ph
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与引力相关的波函数坍缩与自发热化：重新审视实验界限

Gravity-related collapse of the wave function and spontaneous heating: revisiting the experimental bounds

Andrea Vinante, Hendrik Ulbricht

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3 pages, 1 figure. Article prepared for the Special Topic Collection "Celebrating Sir Roger Penrose's Nobel Prize"
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AI总结：

本文重新分析超低温热漏测量对DP引力坍缩模型的约束，指出无参数DP模型已接近被现有实验排除，并可补强自发X射线发射证据。

摘要：

量子力学中波函数坍缩是一种真实过程并最终与（经典）引力相关联的可能性，已经争论了数十年，Diósi和Penrose作出了主要贡献。特别是，Diósi提出了一种基于噪声的动力学约化模型，该模型对坍缩时间给出的数量级与Penrose基于启发性论证所提出的相同。这在文献中被称为DP模型（Diósi–Penrose）。DP模型的一个独特之处是预言物质会自发热化，因而无需制备大质量量子叠加态即可对其进行检验。值得注意的是，近期把引力视为仅经典信息通道的理论方法也预言了非常相似的效应。本文通过分析此前未得到恰当考虑的实验情形，重新考察目前由自发热化给出的对DP模型的约束。我们认为，无参数版本的DP模型已接近被超低温下的标准热漏测量排除，而利用现有技术很可能可以实现决定性排除。这一结果将强化近期由自发X射线发射实验推断出的排除主张；后一主张依赖于一个稍强的假设，即DP噪声场在直到X射线频率的范围内均为白噪声。

英文摘要：

The possibility that the collapse of the wave function in quantum mechanics is a real and ultimately connected to (classical) gravity has been debated for decades, with main contributions by Diósi and Penrose. In particular, Diósi proposed a noise-based dynamical reduction model, which captures the same orders of magnitude for the collapse time suggested by Penrose based on heuristic arguments. This is known in literature as the DP model (Diósi-Penrose). A peculiarity of the DP model is the prediction of spontaneous heating of matter, which can be tested without the need for massive quantum superpositions. Notably, a very similar effect is predicted by recent theoretical approaches to gravity as a classical-only information channel. Here, we reconsider the current constraints on the DP model from spontaneous heating, by analyzing experimental situations not properly considered before. We argue that the the parameter-free version of the DP model is close to be ruled out by standard heat leak measurements at ultralow temperature, with a conclusive exclusion likely within reach with existing technology. This result would strengthen a recent claim of exclusion inferred by spontaneous x-ray emission experiments, which relies on the somewhat stronger assumption that the DP noise field is white up to x-ray frequencies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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