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arXiv 2109.06202astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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行星形成尺度下具有ALMA的分子(MAPS)XVII:确定HD 163296圆盘的二维热结构

Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) XVII: Determining the 2D Thermal Structure of the HD 163296 Disk

Jenny K. Calahan, Edwin A. Bergin, Ke Zhang, Kamber R. Schwarz, Karin I. Oberg, Viviana V. Guzman, Catherine Walsh, Yuri Aikawa, Felipe Alarcon, Sean M. Andrews… 展开作者

Jenny K. Calahan, Edwin A. Bergin, Ke Zhang, Kamber R. Schwarz, Karin I. Oberg, Viviana V. Guzman, Catherine Walsh, Yuri Aikawa, Felipe Alarcon, Sean M. Andrews, Jaehan Bae, Jennifer B. Bergner, Alice S. Booth, Arthur D. Bosman, Gianni Cataldi, Ian Czekala, Jane Huang, John D. Ilee, Charles J. Law, Romane Le Gal, Feng Long, Ryan A. Loomis, Francois Menard, Hideko Nomura, Chunhua Qi, Richard Teague, Merel L. R. van'T Hoff, David J. Wilner, Yoshihide Yamato

摘要:

了解原行星盘的温度结构是解释观测、预测盘的物理和化学演化以及模拟行星形成过程的关键。在这项研究中,我们约束的二维热结构的磁盘赫比格Ae星HD 163296。使用热化学代码RAC 2D,我们得到了一个热结构,再现空间分辨ALMA观测(~0.12 arcsec(13 au)- 0.25 arcsec(26 au))的CO J = 2-1,13 CO J = 1-0,2-1,C18 O J = 1-0,2-1,和C17 O J = 1-0,HD J = 1-0通量上限,光谱能量分布(SED)和连续形态。最终的模型结合了一个径向耗尽的CO动机的时间尺度短于典型的CO气相化学(0.01百万年)和增强的温度附近的表面层的内盘(z/r <= 0.21)。这个模型同意大多数的经验推导出的温度和观测到的发射表面来自J = 2-1 CO观测。我们发现一个上限为0.35 Msun的磁盘质量,使用HD J = 1-0和J = 2-1通量的上限。与我们最终的热结构,我们探讨的影响,间隙对温度结构的约束下观察解决的差距。在气体中增加大的间隙和小的灰尘额外地使间隙中的气体温度仅增加5- 10%。本文是《天体物理学杂志增刊》MAPS特刊的一部分。

英文摘要:

Understanding the temperature structure of protoplanetary disks is key to interpreting observations, predicting the physical and chemical evolution of the disk, and modeling planet formation processes. In this study, we constrain the two-dimensional thermal structure of the disk around Herbig Ae star HD 163296. Using the thermo-chemical code RAC2D, we derive a thermal structure that reproduces spatially resolved ALMA observations (~0.12 arcsec (13 au) - 0.25 arcsec (26 au)) of CO J = 2-1, 13CO J = 1-0, 2-1, C18O J = 1-0, 2-1, and C17O J = 1-0, the HD J = 1-0 flux upper limit, the spectral energy distribution (SED), and continuum morphology. The final model incorporates both a radial depletion of CO motivated by a time scale shorter than typical CO gas-phase chemistry (0.01 Myr) and an enhanced temperature near the surface layer of the the inner disk (z/r <= 0.21). This model agrees with the majority of the empirically derived temperatures and observed emitting surfaces derived from the J = 2-1 CO observations. We find an upper limit for the disk mass of 0.35 Msun, using the upper limit of the HD J = 1-0 and J = 2-1 flux. With our final thermal structure, we explore the impact that gaps have on the temperature structure constrained by observations of the resolved gaps. Adding a large gap in the gas and small dust additionally increases gas temperature in the gap by only 5-10%. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.

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