Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) XVII: Determining the 2D Thermal Structure of the HD 163296 Disk
Jenny K. Calahan, Edwin A. Bergin, Ke Zhang, Kamber R. Schwarz, Karin I. Oberg, Viviana V. Guzman, Catherine Walsh, Yuri Aikawa, Felipe Alarcon, Sean M. Andrews… 展开作者
Jenny K. Calahan, Edwin A. Bergin, Ke Zhang, Kamber R. Schwarz, Karin I. Oberg, Viviana V. Guzman, Catherine Walsh, Yuri Aikawa, Felipe Alarcon, Sean M. Andrews, Jaehan Bae, Jennifer B. Bergner, Alice S. Booth, Arthur D. Bosman, Gianni Cataldi, Ian Czekala, Jane Huang, John D. Ilee, Charles J. Law, Romane Le Gal, Feng Long, Ryan A. Loomis, Francois Menard, Hideko Nomura, Chunhua Qi, Richard Teague, Merel L. R. van'T Hoff, David J. Wilner, Yoshihide Yamato
备注:
15 pages + 11 pages of appendix, accepted to ApJS, part of MAPS collaboration
Understanding the temperature structure of protoplanetary disks is key to interpreting observations, predicting the physical and chemical evolution of the disk, and modeling planet formation processes. In this study, we constrain the two-dimensional thermal structure of the disk around Herbig Ae star HD 163296. Using the thermo-chemical code RAC2D, we derive a thermal structure that reproduces spatially resolved ALMA observations (~0.12 arcsec (13 au) - 0.25 arcsec (26 au)) of CO J = 2-1, 13CO J = 1-0, 2-1, C18O J = 1-0, 2-1, and C17O J = 1-0, the HD J = 1-0 flux upper limit, the spectral energy distribution (SED), and continuum morphology. The final model incorporates both a radial depletion of CO motivated by a time scale shorter than typical CO gas-phase chemistry (0.01 Myr) and an enhanced temperature near the surface layer of the the inner disk (z/r <= 0.21). This model agrees with the majority of the empirically derived temperatures and observed emitting surfaces derived from the J = 2-1 CO observations. We find an upper limit for the disk mass of 0.35 Msun, using the upper limit of the HD J = 1-0 and J = 2-1 flux. With our final thermal structure, we explore the impact that gaps have on the temperature structure constrained by observations of the resolved gaps. Adding a large gap in the gas and small dust additionally increases gas temperature in the gap by only 5-10%. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk) XVII: A Compact but Structured Keplerian Disk and Large-scale Streamers Revealed in the Class I Protostellar System IRAS 04169+2702
针对 Class I 原恒星 IRAS 04169+2702 的高分辨率观测揭示了半径约 21 天文单位的开普勒盘、毫米/厘米级尘埃颗粒,以及延伸至 1400 天文单位的吸积流丝,并发现与螺旋臂吸积相关的激波证据。
A Multi-Wavelength Study of Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF): Complementary ALMA and JWST Investigations of Water and Methanol in Cometary Comae
University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(NASA戈达德太空飞行中心);Catholic University of America(美利坚天主教大学);American University(美国大学);National Radio Astronomy Observatory(国家射电天文台);Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CY Cergy Paris Université(巴黎天文台、巴黎文理研究大学、法国国家科学研究中心、索邦大学、巴黎西岱大学、CY塞尔吉-蓬图瓦兹大学);Institut de Radioastronomie Millimetrique(毫米波射电天文学研究所)
本研究利用JWST和ALMA对彗星C/2022 E3 (ZTF)的多波段观测,分析了水和甲醇的分布及旋转温度变化,揭示了彗核 coma 中的化学特征与热力学过程。
The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) V: Comparison between scattered light and thermal emission
Univ. Grenoble Alpes(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学);CNRS(法国国家科学研究中心);IPAG(天体物理与行星学研究所);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter(埃克塞特大学物理与天文系);Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics(中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所);Aix Marseille Université(艾克斯-马赛大学);LAM(地中海天文台);Department of Astronomy and Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学天文系和斯图尔德天文台);Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院地质与行星科学系);Department of Astronomy, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University(卫斯理大学天文系和范弗莱克天文台);School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin(都柏林三一学院物理学院);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利群岛天体物理研究所)
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). IX. Distribution and Properties of the Large Organic Molecules HC$_3$N, CH$_3$CN, and $c$-C$_3$H$_2$
Unveiling the Chemical Complexity and C/O Ratio of the HD 163296 Protoplanetary Disk: Constraints from Multi-line ALMA Observations of Organics, Nitriles, Sulfur-bearing, and Deuterated Molecules
National Institute of Science Education and Research(印度科学教育研究所);Homi Bhabha National Institute(霍米·巴巴国立学院);University of Michigan(密歇根大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Jet Propulsion Laboratory(喷气推进实验室);Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics(中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所);Max Planck Institute for Astronomy(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);SOKENDAI(综合研究大学院大学)
在这个用ALMA和大型地面望远镜(如VLT,Keck和Subaru)对行星形成盘进行空间分辨观测的时代,我们仍然缺乏关于构建行星的材料的数量和组成的统计相关信息,例如总盘气体质量,尘埃中的冰含量,以及微行星中水的状态。SPICA是日本宇宙航空研究开发机构和欧空局为解决这些问题而联合开发的一项红外空间飞行任务概念。SPICA的关键独特能力使这项研究成为可能:(1)宽光谱覆盖范围10-220微米,(2)高线检测灵敏度(1-2)10-19 W m-2,远红外(SAFARI)R~2000-5000,中红外10-20 W m-2,R~29000(SMI,光谱分辨谱线轮廓),(3)0.45 mJy的高远红外连续灵敏度(SAFARI),和(4)点源调查的观测效率。本文详细介绍了中红外到远红外光谱在测量盘的气体质量和水/冰含量方面的独特性,以及这些量在行星形成期间如何演变。这些观测将阐明当盘耗尽其原始气体时的关键转变,进一步的行星形成需要由星子产生的次级气体。高光谱分辨率的中红外也是确定雪线的位置划分岩石和冰的质量水库内的磁盘和如何划分演变过程中的行星系的独特。关键固态带的红外光谱(中红外到远红外)对于评估广泛的径向混合(太阳系历史的一部分)是否是大多数行星系中发生的一般过程以及太阳系外的微行星是否与我们的太阳系彗星/小行星相似至关重要。...(略)