量子回旋镖效应的观测
Observation of the Quantum Boomerang Effect
摘要：
安德森定域系统中的粒子，如果向任何方向发射，平均应该返回到它的起点并停留在那里。尽管安德森局域化在现代对凝聚态的理解中扮演了核心角色，但这种“量子回旋镖”效应，局域态的一个基本特征，只是最近才被理论预测，以前还没有被观察到。本文报道了量子回旋镖效应的实验观察。利用简并气体和一对相移的光晶格，我们探讨了时间反演对称性破缺、Floquet规范和初态对称性在支持或破坏回飞棒效应中的作用。强调本地化的关键作用，我们观察到，作为随机踢破坏动态本地化，量子回旋镖效应也消失了。实测动态与分析和数值预测一致。这些结果展示了一个独特的实验探测安德森局域化的物质的潜在量子性质。
英文摘要：
A particle in an Anderson-localized system, if launched in any direction, should on average return to its starting point and stay there. Despite the central role played by Anderson localization in the modern understanding of condensed matter, this "quantum boomerang" effect, an essential feature of the localized state, was only recently theoretically predicted and has not previously been observed. We report the experimental observation of the quantum boomerang effect. Using a degenerate gas and a phase-shifted pair of optical lattices, we probe the role of time reversal symmetry breaking, Floquet gauge, and initial state symmetry in supporting or disrupting the boomerang effect. Highlighting the key role of localization, we observe that as stochastic kicking destroys dynamical localization, the quantum boomerang effect also disappears. Measured dynamics are in agreement with analytical and numerical predictions. These results showcase a unique experimental probe of the underlying quantum nature of Anderson localized matter.
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