Three-level atomic systems coupled to light have the capacity to host dark states. We study a system of V-shaped three-level atoms coherently coupled to the two quadratures of a dissipative cavity. The interplay between the atomic level structure and dissipation makes the phase diagram of the open system drastically different from the closed one. In particular, it leads to the stabilization of a continuous family of dark and nearly dark excited many-body states with inverted atomic populations as the steady states. The multistability of these states can be probed via their distinct fluctuations and excitation spectra, as well as the system's Liouvillian dynamics which are highly sensitive to ramp protocols. Our model can be implemented experimentally by encoding the two higher-energy modes in orthogonal density-modulated states in a bosonic quantum gas. This implementation offers prospects for potential applications like the realization of quantum optical random walks and microscopy with subwavelength spatial resolution.
Active Quantum Particles from Engineered Dissipation
Collège de France（法兰西学院）；PSL Research University（巴黎文理研究大学）；Sorbonne Université（索邦大学）；The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics（阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆理论物理国际中心）；Università di Napoli “Federico II”（那不勒斯费德里科二世大学）
Autonomous Stabilization of Floquet States Using Static Dissipation
Department of Physics, Stanford University（斯坦福大学物理系）；Department of Physics, Boston University（波士顿大学物理系）；Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme（马克斯·普朗克复杂系统物理研究所）
