Numerous protoplanetary discs show distinct spiral arms features. While possibly caused by a range of processes, detailed pattern analysis points at close stellar flybys as cause for some of them. Surprisingly, these discs reside in young low-mass clusters, where close stellar flybys are expected to be rare. This fact motivated us to take a fresh look at the frequency of close flybys in low-mass clusters. In the solar neighbourhood, low-mass clusters have smaller half-mass radii than their more massive counterparts. We show that this observational fact results in the mean and central stellar density of low-mass clusters being approximately the same as in high-mass clusters, which is rarely reflected in theoretical studies. We perform N-body simulations of the stellar dynamics in young clusters obeying the observed mass-radius relation. Taking the mean disc truncation radius as a proxy for the degree of influence of the environment, we find that the influence of the environment on discs is more or less the same in low- and high-mass clusters. Even the fraction of small discs($<$ 10 au) is nearly identical. Our main conclusion is that the frequency of close flybys seems to have been severely underestimated for low-mass clusters. A testable prediction of this hypothesis is that low-mass clusters should contain 10%-15% of discs smaller than 30 au truncated by flybys. These truncated discs should be distinguishable from primordially small discs by their steep outer edge.
The Impact of Stellar Clustering on the Observed Multiplicity of Super-Earth systems: Outside-in Cascade of Orbital Misalignments Initiated by Stellar Flybys
Dynamical evolution of a young planetary system: stellar flybys in co-planar orbital configuration
恒星在星团中的飞掠可能会扰动年轻行星系的演化,表现为盘截短、行星迁移和行星质量吸积。我们研究了在一个典型的开放的年轻星团中,一个年轻的行星系在一次近距离恒星相遇过程中的反馈。我们考虑5个质量的恒星扰动:0.5,0.8,1,3和8 M $_{Sun}$,在共面,顺时针和逆行轨道相对于行星盘,变化的pertruber-host星轨道近星点从100 AU到500 AU。我们用光滑粒子流体动力学程序GaSPH对一个由太阳型恒星组成的系统进行了3D建模,该恒星被一个低密度盘包围,其中嵌入了一颗巨大的行星。我们重点讨论了表征盘和行星的全局参数的动力学演化,如包含盘质量的$63.2\%$的拉格朗日半径、行星到其主星的距离、行星轨道偏心率和行星质量吸积。我们发现,大部分的模拟系统显示一个显着的磁盘截断后,一个单一的近距离接触,木星的最终轨道距离,从中央恒星,低于未扰动的情况下,最后,扰动系统显示出最终的质量吸积的类木行星大于非扰动的情况。因此,恒星飞掠会显著地扰动年轻行星系的动力学,而不管恒星扰动的轨道配置如何。在这样的实验中,恒星近距离碰撞对最终的圆盘半径和类木行星的轨道参数有很大的影响。
Capture of interstellar objects during stellar encounters
Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, CNRS and Université de Bordeaux(波尔多天体物理学实验室,法国国家科学研究中心和波尔多大学);Planetary Science Institute(行星科学研究所);Te Kura Matū, University of Canterbury(坎特伯雷大学数学学院)
Flyby-induced high-eccentricity migration and the prevalence of hot Jupiters in M67
Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学天文研究所);Astronomy Unit, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London(伦敦大学玛丽女王学院物理与天文学系天体物理组)
Environmental interactions in Class II systems and their impact on the disk-planet architecture
Univ. Grenoble Alpes(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学);CNRS(法国国家科学研究中心);IPAG(格勒诺布尔行星与天体物理实验室);University of Warwick(华威大学);Tsinghua University(清华大学);Monash University(莫纳什大学);Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯玻尔研究所)
A Kinematic History of Stellar Encounters with Beta Pictoris
Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心);Universidad Complutense de Madrid(马德里康普顿斯大学);Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)(奥地利科学技术研究所);Lund University(隆德大学);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna (ULL)(拉各拉纳大学)
Discovery of an Unbound Flyby Companion of UBC 63: In the Immediate Aftermath of a Close Encounter
Gauhati University(古哈提大学);INAF—Catania Astrophysical Observatory(意大利国家天体物理研究所卡塔尼亚天文台);Shanghai Normal University(上海师范大学);Dali University(大理大学);Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院上海天文台);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona (ICCUB)(巴塞罗那大学宇宙科学研究所);Cotton University(科顿大学);Assam University(阿萨姆大学)
Ongoing flyby in the young multiple system UX Tauri
我们目前的观测年轻的多系统UX金牛座寻找拱盘和动力学相互作用的迹象。获得了J波段和H波段的SPHERE/IRDIS深差极化图像。我们还使用了ALMA档案CO数据。在UX Tau A盘发出的散射光中可以很好地检测到大的延伸螺旋。南部螺旋形成了连接UX Tau A和C的桥梁。这些螺旋,包括连接两颗恒星的桥梁,都有一个由ALMA看到的CO(3-2)对应物。在散射光中检测UX Tau C的盘。它比UX Tau A的圆盘小得多,并且沿着不同的位置角有一个主轴,这表明没有对准。我们进行了PHANTOM SPH流体动力学模型来解释数据。散射光螺旋,CO发射螺旋和旋转盘的速度模式,以及UX Tau C盘的紧凑性都指向一个场景,其中UX Tau A最近(大约1000年)被UX Tau C近距离通过而扰动。