arXiv 2108.092132021-08-20hep-lathep-phnucl-th

实重子密度下QCD手征跃迁的晶格模拟

Lattice simulations of the QCD chiral transition at real baryon density

Szabolcs Borsanyi, Zoltan Fodor, Matteo Giordano, Sandor D. Katz, Daniel Nogradi, Attila Pasztor, Chik Him Wong

备注：: 11 pages, 6 figures
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevD.105.L051506

摘要：

目前，对热而致密的强相互作用物质的最先进的格点量子色动力学研究依赖于从零或虚化学势的外推。数值解析延拓的不适定性严重限制了这种方法的可靠性。本文采用更直接的符号重加权方法，在唯象相关格点上对有限实重子密度下的QCD手征跃迁进行了格点量子色动力学模拟。该方法不需要解析延拓，避免了与通用重权方案相关的重叠问题，因此对于固定的格点设置只有统计而没有不受控制的系统不确定性。这为从第一性原理研究热而致密的强相互作用物质打开了一扇新的窗口。我们进行模拟，以涵盖大部分RHIC束能量扫描范围内的化学势的$μ_B/T=2.5$的重力化学位温比。我们还澄清了更传统的相位加权方法的方法的连接。

英文摘要：

State-of-the-art lattice QCD studies of hot and dense strongly interacting matter currently rely on extrapolation from zero or imaginary chemical potentials. The ill-posedness of numerical analytic continuation puts severe limitations on the reliability of such methods. Here we use the more direct sign reweighting method to perform lattice QCD simulation of the QCD chiral transition at finite real baryon density on phenomenologically relevant lattices. This method does not require analytic continuation and avoids the overlap problem associated with generic reweighting schemes, so has only statistical but no uncontrolled systematic uncertainties for a fixed lattice setup. This opens up a new window to study hot and dense strongly interacting matter from first principles. We perform simulations up to a baryochemical potential-temperature ratio of $μ_B/T=2.5$ covering most of the RHIC Beam Energy Scan range in the chemical potential. We also clarify the connection of the approach to the more traditional phase reweighting method.

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英文摘要：

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