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arXiv 2108.07977physics.opticscs.CVcs.NEphysics.app-ph
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利用衍射光学网络实现空间重叠相位图像的分类与重构

Classification and reconstruction of spatially overlapping phase images using diffractive optical networks

University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)(加州大学洛杉矶分校);California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI)(加州纳米系统研究所)

Deniz Mengu, Muhammed Veli, Yair Rivenson, Aydogan Ozcan

摘要:

衍射光学网络将波动光学和深度学习统一起来,以便在光从输入平面传播到输出平面时全光学地计算给定的机器学习或计算成像任务。在这里,我们报告的衍射光学网络的分类和重建的空间重叠,相位编码的对象的设计。当两个不同的纯相位对象在空间上重叠时,由于它们的相位图案被求和,因此各个对象函数被扰动。仅从重叠相位分布中检索底层相位图像提出了一个具有挑战性的问题,其解决方案通常不是唯一的。我们表明,通过特定于任务的训练过程,由连续透射层组成的无源衍射网络可以全光学地同时对输入处的两个不同的随机选择的、空间重叠的相位图像进行分类。在使用MNIST数据集中约5.5亿个相位编码手写数字的唯一组合进行训练后,我们的盲测试结果表明,衍射网络对新手写数字的两个重叠相位图像的全光学分类准确率达到>85.8%。除了重叠相位物体的全光学分类之外,我们还展示了基于浅层电子神经网络的这些相位图像的重建,该网络使用衍射网络的高度压缩输出作为其输入(例如,约少20-65倍的像素数)来快速重建两个相位图像,而不管它们的空间重叠和相关的相位模糊。所提出的相位图像分类和重建框架可以应用于例如,计算成像、显微镜和定量相位成像领域。

英文摘要:

Diffractive optical networks unify wave optics and deep learning to all-optically compute a given machine learning or computational imaging task as the light propagates from the input to the output plane. Here, we report the design of diffractive optical networks for the classification and reconstruction of spatially overlapping, phase-encoded objects. When two different phase-only objects spatially overlap, the individual object functions are perturbed since their phase patterns are summed up. The retrieval of the underlying phase images from solely the overlapping phase distribution presents a challenging problem, the solution of which is generally not unique. We show that through a task-specific training process, passive diffractive networks composed of successive transmissive layers can all-optically and simultaneously classify two different randomly-selected, spatially overlapping phase images at the input. After trained with ~550 million unique combinations of phase-encoded handwritten digits from the MNIST dataset, our blind testing results reveal that the diffractive network achieves an accuracy of >85.8% for all-optical classification of two overlapping phase images of new handwritten digits. In addition to all-optical classification of overlapping phase objects, we also demonstrate the reconstruction of these phase images based on a shallow electronic neural network that uses the highly compressed output of the diffractive network as its input (with e.g., ~20-65 times less number of pixels) to rapidly reconstruct both of the phase images, despite their spatial overlap and related phase ambiguity. The presented phase image classification and reconstruction framework might find applications in e.g., computational imaging, microscopy and quantitative phase imaging fields.

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