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arXiv 2108.05006gr-qc
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强场极限下Kerr和Kerr-Newman黑洞的引力时滞效应

Gravitational time delay effects by Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes in strong field limits

Tien Hsieh, Da-Shin Lee, Chi-Yong Lin

摘要:

我们研究了Kerr和Kerr-Newman黑洞对光线的强引力透镜效应所引起的两个相对论图像之间的时间延迟。光线的轨迹被限制在赤道平面上。利用强偏转极限(SDL)中已知的偏转角形式,我们可以解析地推导出来自遥远光源的光绕黑洞多次并到达观测者的旅行时间的形式。我们发现,质量较大的黑洞或具有自旋的极端黑洞可能具有较大的时滞。黑洞的电荷的效应增强了当一条光线在正轨道上而另一条光线在逆行轨道上时由光线引起的位于光轴的相对侧上的图像之间的时间延迟。相反,当两条光线沿着直接或逆行轨道行进时,在光轴的同一侧上给出图像,电荷效应减少了它们之间的时间延迟。然后我们分别研究了银河系和超大质量黑洞的时间延迟观测

英文摘要:

We study the time delay between two relativistic images due to strong gravitational lensing of the light rays caused by the Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes. The trajectories of the light rays are restricted on the equatorial plane. Using the known form of the deflection angle in the strong deflection limit (SDL) allows us to analytically develop the formalism for the travel time of the light from the distant source winding around the black hole several times and reaching the observer. We find that the black hole with higher mass or with spin of the extreme black hole potentially have higher time delay. The effect of the charge of the black hole enhances the time delay between the images lying on the opposite side of the optical axis resulting from the light rays when one light ray is in the direct orbit and the other is in the retrograde orbit. In contrary, when both light rays travel along either direct or retrograde orbits giving the images on the same side of the optical axis, the charge effect reduces the time delay between them. We then examine the time delay observations due to the galactic and supermassive black holes respectively

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