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arXiv 2108.04673quant-ph
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量子动力学中例外点的特征影响

Characteristic influence of exceptional points in quantum dynamics

Savannah Garmon, Takafumi Sawada, Kenichi Noba, Gonzalo Ordonez

摘要:

本文综述了近年来关于非厄米系统中异常点处本征态合并的发生及其对物理量的影响的一些研究工作。我们特别关注开放量子系统中异常点附近的量子动力学,这些异常点由一个向外的厄米哈密顿量描述,在投影出系统的环境分量后,该哈密顿量产生一个非厄米有效描述。我们将异常点分为两类:两个或多个共振态合并的点和至少一个共振态和合作反共振合并的点(可能也包括虚拟态),我们引入几个简单的模型来探索这两种类型的动力学。在后一种情况下,合并共振和反共振态,我们表明,连续阈值的存在下起着很大的作用,在塑造的动态,除了例外点本身。我们还简要讨论了例外点直接出现在阈值处的特殊情况。

英文摘要:

We review some recent work on the occurrence of coalescing eigenstates at exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems and their influence on physical quantities. We particularly focus on quantum dynamics near exceptional points in open quantum systems, which are described by an outwardly Hermitian Hamiltonian that gives rise to a non-Hermitian effective description after one projects out the environmental component of the system. We classify the exceptional points into two categories: those at which two or more resonance states coalesce and those at which at least one resonance and the partnering anti-resonance coalesce (possibly including virtual states as well), and we introduce several simple models to explore the dynamics for both of these types. In the latter case of coalescing resonance and anti-resonance states, we show that the presence of the continuum threshold plays a strong role in shaping the dynamics, in addition to the exceptional point itself. We also briefly discuss the special case in which the exceptional point appears directly at the threshold.

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