arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2108.04539cs.CL
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BROS:一种基于文本和布局的预训练语言模型,用于更好地从文档中提取关键信息抽取

BROS: A Pre-trained Language Model Focusing on Text and Layout for Better Key Information Extraction from Documents

NAVER CLOVA;KAIST(韩国科学技术院);LBox;Upstage AI Research(Upstage人工智能研究院);Upstage AI(Upstage人工智能)

Teakgyu Hong, Donghyun Kim, Mingi Ji, Wonseok Hwang, Daehyun Nam, Sungrae Park

摘要:

从文档图像中提取关键信息抽取(KIE)需要理解文本在二维(2D)空间中的上下文和空间语义。最近的许多研究试图通过开发预训练的语言模型来解决这个问题,这些模型专注于将文档图像的视觉特征与文本及其布局相结合。另一方面,本文通过回到最基本的问题来解决这个问题:文本和布局的有效结合。具体来说,我们提出了一个预先训练的语言模型,名为BROS(BERT依赖于空间),编码文本在2D空间中的相对位置,并从未标记的文档中学习区域掩蔽策略。通过这种用于理解2D空间中文本的优化训练方案,BROS在四个KIE基准测试(FUNSD,SROIE*,CORD和SciTSR)上显示出与以前的方法相当或更好的性能,而不依赖于视觉特征。本文还揭示了KIE任务中的两个现实挑战-(1)最大限度地减少错误的文本排序和(2)从更少的下游示例中有效学习-并证明了BROS优于以前的方法。代码可在https://github.com/clovaai/bros上获得。

英文摘要:

Key information extraction (KIE) from document images requires understanding the contextual and spatial semantics of texts in two-dimensional (2D) space. Many recent studies try to solve the task by developing pre-trained language models focusing on combining visual features from document images with texts and their layout. On the other hand, this paper tackles the problem by going back to the basic: effective combination of text and layout. Specifically, we propose a pre-trained language model, named BROS (BERT Relying On Spatiality), that encodes relative positions of texts in 2D space and learns from unlabeled documents with area-masking strategy. With this optimized training scheme for understanding texts in 2D space, BROS shows comparable or better performance compared to previous methods on four KIE benchmarks (FUNSD, SROIE*, CORD, and SciTSR) without relying on visual features. This paper also reveals two real-world challenges in KIE tasks-(1) minimizing the error from incorrect text ordering and (2) efficient learning from fewer downstream examples-and demonstrates the superiority of BROS over previous methods. Code is available at https://github.com/clovaai/bros.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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