The Science Alert Generation system of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
A. Bulgarelli, S. Caroff, A. Addis, P. Aubert, L. Baroncelli, G. De Cesare, A. DiPiano, V. Fioretti, E. Garcia, G. Maurin, N. Parmiggiani, T. Vuillaume, I. Oya, C. Hoischen
备注:
8 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
切伦科夫望远镜阵列(CTA)天文台在北半球和南半球都有数十台望远镜,将成为最大的地面伽马射线天文台,并将提供从20 GeV到300 TeV的广泛能量覆盖。大的有效面积和视场,加上快速回转能力和前所未有的灵敏度,使CTA成为未来地基伽马射线天文学的关键仪器。为了最大限度地提高科学回报,该阵列将对瞬变和可变现象(例如,伽马射线暴、活动星系核、伽玛射线双星、偶然来源)发出警报。向社区进行快速有效的沟通需要一个可靠的自动化系统来检测和发布候选科学警报。这种自动化将通过CTA天文台的关键系统科学警报生成(SAG)管道来完成。SAG是阵列控制和数据采集(ACADA)工作组的一部分。SAG工作组开发了管道,以执行数据重建,数据质量监控,科学监控和实时警报发布,并在观测期间向ACADA的瞬态监测功能发出警报。SAG是在数据采集后进行第一次实时科学分析的系统。系统在多个时间尺度上执行分析(从秒到小时)。\abrb{SAG must issue candidate science alerts within}从数据采集开始20秒,灵敏度至少为CTA标称灵敏度的一半。这些具有挑战性的要求必须通过管理来自阵列的数十kHz的触发速率来满足。因此,必须设计和测试专用和高度优化的软件和硬件架构。在这项工作中,我们提出了ACADA-SAG系统的总体架构。
英文摘要:
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Observatory, with dozens of telescopes located in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, will be the largest ground-based gamma-ray observatory and will provide broad energy coverage from 20 GeV to 300 TeV. The large effective area and field-of-view, coupled with the fast slewing capability and unprecedented sensitivity, make CTA a crucial instrument for the future of ground-based gamma-ray astronomy. To maximise the scientific return, the array will send alerts on transients and variable phenomena (e.g. gamma-ray burst, active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray binaries, serendipitous sources). Rapid and effective communication to the community requires a reliable and automated system to detect and issue candidate science alerts. This automation will be accomplished by the Science Alert Generation (SAG) pipeline, a key system of the CTA Observatory. SAG is part of the Array Control and Data Acquisition (ACADA) working group. The SAG working group develops the pipelines to perform data reconstruction, data quality monitoring, science monitoring and real-time alert issuing during observations to the Transients Handler functionality of ACADA. SAG is the system that performs the first real-time scientific analysis after the data acquisition. The system performs analysis on multiple time scales (from seconds to hours). \abrb{SAG must issue candidate science alerts within} 20 seconds from the data taking and with sensitivity at least half of the CTA nominal sensitivity. These challenging requirements must be fulfilled by managing trigger rates of tens of kHz from the arrays. Dedicated and highly optimised software and hardware architecture must thus be designed and tested. In this work, we present the general architecture of the ACADA-SAG system.
Investigation of magnetic-field effects on photomultiplier tubes for the first Large-Sized Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo(东京大学宇宙线研究所);Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University(埼玉大学理工学研究科);Department of Physics, Tokai University(东海大学物理系);Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM(艾克斯-马赛大学,法国国家科学研究中心/欧洲核子研究组织粒子与高能物理研究所);Department of Physics, Yamagata University(山形大学物理系)
Alertissimo -- a tool for orchestration of LSST broker streams
Astronomical Observatory(天文台);University of Belgrade, Institute of Physics Belgrade(贝尔格莱德大学物理研究所);University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences(贝尔格莱德大学组织科学学院)
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Prompt Processing System
University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA(华盛顿大学);SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA(SLAC国家加速器实验室);Burwood Group, Oak Brook, IL, USA(伯伍德集团)
该研究介绍了Vera C. Rubin Observatory的即时处理系统如何满足高吞吐量、低延迟和高可靠性的要求,并展示了观测站的调试结果。
Astroclimatic Characterization of Vallecitos: A candidate site for the Cherenkov Telescope Array at San Pedro Martir
我们对Vallecitos的天气状况进行了为期18个月的研究,Vallecitos是墨西哥的一个拟议站点,用于停泊切伦科夫望远镜阵列(CTA)的北部阵列。它位于Sierra de San Pedro Martir(SPM),距离国家天文台(Observatorio Astronómico Nacional)几公里。该研究基于ATMOSCOPE收集的数据,ATMOSCOPE是一种测量天气和天空状况的多传感器仪器,由CTA联盟委托和建造。此外,我们比较了SPM的光学天文台的天气条件下的瓦莱西托斯关于温度,湿度和风分布。光学观测站的良好条件似乎得益于在巴耶西托斯建立的小气候。
Status of the Cherenkov Telescope Array's Large Size Telescopes
切伦科夫望远镜阵列(CTA)天文台将部署在两个半球的两个地点。这两个地点都将配备四个大尺寸望远镜(LST),这对于实现CTA在20-200 GeV能量范围内的科学目标至关重要。每个LST都配备了一个直径为23米的主镶嵌镜盘,由主要由碳纤维增强塑料管和铝接头制成的结构支撑。这种解决方案保证了重量轻(约100吨),这对于在20秒内快速重新定位到天空中的任何位置至关重要。该相机由1855个光电倍增管组成,并嵌入了控制、读出和触发电子器件。详细设计现已完成,第一架LST的生产正在顺利进行,该架LST将作为其余七架的原型。2016年,第一个LST将安装在西班牙拉帕尔马加那利岛的Roque de los Muchachos天文台。在这次演讲中,我们将概述为满足设计要求而采用的技术解决方案,介绍元件原型设计的结果,并描述安装和操作计划。
Construction of a Medium-Sized Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array: Implementation of the Cherenkov-Camera Data Acquisition System
一个中型的Schwarzchild-Couder望远镜(SCT)正在开发中,作为Cherenkov望远镜阵列(CTA)的可能扩展。该望远镜的切伦科夫照相机设计为具有11328个硅光电倍增器像素,能够捕捉大气层中空气簇射的高分辨率图像。大量的像素和高触发速率(> 5 kHz)相结合的预期,这台望远镜的结果在几个Gbps的数据吞吐量。这对用于处理和存储这些数据的数据采集系统的设计和性能提出了挑战性的要求。一个原型SCT(pSCT)的部分相机包含1600个像素,覆盖2.5 x 2.5平方度的视野,正在组装的F. L。惠普尔天文台。本文介绍了螺旋CT数据采集系统的设计和现状。