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arXiv 2108.02196stat.MEecon.EM
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实验设计的合成控制方法

Synthetic Controls for Experimental Design

Alberto Abadie, Jinglong Zhao

AI总结:

针对聚合单元实验设计,提出非随机化合成控制设计以选择处理与对照单元,通过加权平均估计潜在结果,显著减少估计偏差。

摘要:

本文研究实验设计问题,其中实验单元是大型聚合实体(如市场),且仅有一个或少数单元可以接受处理。在此类设置中,处理的随机化可能导致处理组和对照组在基线时具有非常不同的特征,从而引入偏差。我们提出了多种实验性的非随机化合成控制设计(Abadie, Diamond and Hainmueller, 2010; Abadie and Gardeazabal, 2003),这些设计选择要处理的单元以及用作对照组的未处理单元。平均潜在结果被估计为处理单元结果的加权平均值(针对有处理的潜在结果),以及对照单元结果的加权平均值(针对无处理的潜在结果)。我们分析了基于合成控制设计的估计量的性质,并提出了新的推断技术。我们表明,在具有聚合单元的实验设置中,与处理随机化相比,合成控制设计可以显著减少估计偏差。

英文摘要:

This article studies experimental design in settings where the experimental units are large aggregate entities (e.g., markets), and only one or a small number of units can be exposed to the treatment. In such settings, randomization of the treatment may result in treated and control groups with very different characteristics at baseline, inducing biases. We propose a variety of experimental non-randomized synthetic control designs (Abadie, Diamond and Hainmueller, 2010, Abadie and Gardeazabal, 2003) that select the units to be treated, as well as the untreated units to be used as a control group. Average potential outcomes are estimated as weighted averages of the outcomes of treated units for potential outcomes with treatment, and weighted averages the outcomes of control units for potential outcomes without treatment. We analyze the properties of estimators based on synthetic control designs and propose new inferential techniques. We show that in experimental settings with aggregate units, synthetic control designs can substantially reduce estimation biases in comparison to randomization of the treatment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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