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arXiv 2108.00729astro-ph.HE
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超亮Z源天蝎座X-1的NuSTAR谱中Fe K $α$和Fe K $β$线的探测

Fe K$α$ and Fe K$β$ line detection in the NuSTAR spectrum of the ultra-bright Z-source Scorpius X-1

S. M. Mazzola, R. Iaria, T. Di Salvo, A. Sanna, A. F. Gambino, A. Marino, E. Bozzo, C. Ferrigno, A. Riggio, A. Anitra, L. Burderi

摘要:

低质量的X射线双星包含一颗低磁化的中子星,中子星通过罗氏瓣溢出吸积物质,通常分为两类,根据X射线色图中描述的路径命名为环礁源和Z源。天蝎座X-1是迄今为止已知的最明亮的持续低质量X射线双星,它是Z源的原型。我们分析了该源的第一次NuSTAR观测,以利用该卫星收集的高统计数据研究其光谱发射。检查彩色图,源可能是在其Z轨道的较低正常分支和耀斑分支期间观察到的。我们将来自两个分支的数据分开,以研究源沿轨道的演变。我们对两个分支使用相同的模型拟合了3-60 keV NuSTAR光谱。我们采用了两种描述的连续:在第一种情况下,我们使用了黑体和热康普顿与种子光子起源于吸积盘;在第二种情况下,我们采用了光盘黑体和康普顿与黑体形状的光谱传入种子光子。在这两种情况下,也需要一个幂律拟合20 keV以上的高能量发射。这两个模型提供了相同的物理场景中的两个分支的源:0.8和1.5千电子伏之间的黑体温度,一个盘黑体与0.4和0.6千电子伏之间的温度,和光学厚Comptonising电晕与光学深度之间的6和10和温度约3千电子伏。此外,在6.6 keV和7.8 keV处分别检测到与类He Fe XXV离子的K $α$和K $β$跃迁相关的两条谱线。这两个模型都需要一个由幂律建模的硬尾,光子指数在2和3之间。

英文摘要:

Low-mass X-ray binaries hosting a low-magnetised neutron star, which accretes matter via Roche-lobe overflow, are generally grouped in two classes, named Atoll and Z sources after the path described in their X-ray colour-colour diagrams. Scorpius X-1 is the brightest persistent low-mass X-ray binary known so far, and it is the prototype of the Z sources. We analysed the first NuSTAR observation of this source to study its spectral emission exploiting the high statistics data collected by this satellite. Examining the colour-colour diagram, the source was probably observed during the lower normal and flaring branches of its Z-track. We separated the data from the two branches in order to investigate the evolution of the source along the track. We fitted the 3-60 keV NuSTAR spectra using the same models for both the branches. We adopted two description for the continuum: in the first case we used a blackbody and a thermal Comptonisation with seed photons originating in the accretion disc; in the second one, we adopted a disc-blackbody and a Comptonisation with a blackbody-shaped spectrum of the incoming seed photons. A power-law fitting the high energy emission above 20 keV was also required in both cases. The two models provide the same physical scenario for the source in both the branches: a blackbody temperature between 0.8 and 1.5 keV, a disc-blackbody with temperature between 0.4 and 0.6 keV, and an optically thick Comptonising corona with optical depth between 6 and 10 and temperature about 3 keV. Furthermore, two lines related to the K$α$ and K$β$ transitions of the He-like Fe XXV ions were detected at 6.6 keV and 7.8 keV, respectively. A hard tail modelled by a power law with a photon index between 2 and 3 was also required for both the models.

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