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arXiv 2108.00611astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
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远源对观测到的超高能宇宙射线通量的贡献

The contribution of distant sources to the observed flux of ultra high-energy cosmic rays

Ellis R. Owen, Qin Han, Kinwah Wu, Y. X. Jane Yap, Pooja Surajbali

摘要:

超高能(UHE)宇宙射线(CR)通过强子过程与宇宙背景辐射相互作用,宇宙将变得对能量为$\sim$($10^{18}$ - $10^{20}$)eV超过几十兆秒差距的UHE CR“不透明”,从而设置Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min(GZK)视界。我们表明,一个不可忽略的部分UHE CR到达地球上可能来自GZK地平线以外的重核CR时,和人口和UHE CR源的演变考虑在内。我们展示了如何修改的多粒子CR地平线由不同的源人口,并讨论了如何导致自然出现的各向同性通量分量在所观察到的UHE CR背景。该分量将与由GZK层位内的附近源贡献的各向异性前景分量共存。

英文摘要:

Ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) interact with cosmic background radiation through hadronic processes, and the Universe would become `opaque' to UHE CRs of energies $\sim$($10^{18}$- $10^{20}$) eV over about several tens of Mpc, setting the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min (GZK) horizon. We demonstrate that a non-negligible fraction of the UHE CRs arriving on Earth could originate from beyond the GZK horizon when heavy nuclear CRs, and the population and evolution of UHE CR sources are taken into account. We show how the multi-particle CR horizon is modified by different source populations, and discuss how this leads to the natural emergence of an isotropic flux component in the observed UHE CR background. This component would coexist with an anisotropic foreground component contributed by nearby sources within the GZK horizon.

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