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arXiv 2107.14737astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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凌LTT 1445 A的第二颗行星和两个世界质量的测定

A Second Planet Transiting LTT 1445A and a Determination of the Masses of Both Worlds

J. G. Winters, R. Cloutier, A. A. Medina, J. M. Irwin, D. Charbonneau, N. Astudillo-Defru, X. Bonfils, A. W. Howard, H. Isaacson, J. L. Bean, A. Seifahrt, J. K.… 展开作者

J. G. Winters, R. Cloutier, A. A. Medina, J. M. Irwin, D. Charbonneau, N. Astudillo-Defru, X. Bonfils, A. W. Howard, H. Isaacson, J. L. Bean, A. Seifahrt, J. K. Teske, J. D. Eastman, J. D. Twicken, K. A. Collins, E. L. N. Jensen, S. N. Quinn, M. J. Payne, M. H. Kristiansen, A. Spencer, A. Vanderburg, M. Zechmeister, L. M. Weiss, S. X. Wang, G. Wang, S. Udry, I. A. Terentev, J. Sturmer, G. Stefansson, A. Shporer, S. Shectman, R. Sefako, H. M. Schwengeler, R. P. Schwarz, N. Scarsdale, R. A. Rubenzahl, A. Roy, L. J. Rosenthal, P. Robertson, E. A. Petigura, F. Pepe, M. Omohundro, J. M. A. Murphy, F. Murgas, T. Movcnik, B. T. Montet, R. Mennickent, A. W. Mayo, B. Massey, J. Lubin, C. Lovis, P. Lewin, D. Kasper, S. R. Kane, J. M. Jenkins, D. Huber, K. Horne, M. L. Hill, P. Gorrini, S. Giacalone, B. Fulton, T. Forveille, P. Figueira, T. Fetherolf, C. Dressing, R. F. Diaz, X. Delfosse, P. A. Dalba, F. Dai, C. C. Cortes, I. J. M. Crossfield, J. D. Crane, D. M. Conti, K. I. Collins, A. Chontos, R. P. Butler, P. Brown, M. Brady, A. Behmard, C. Beard, N. M. Batalha, J. -M. Almenara

摘要:

LTT 1445是一个距离6.86秒差距的三重M矮星系统。主星LTT 1445 A(0.257 M_Sun)是已知的凌日行星LTT 1445 Ab的宿主,其轨道周期为5.4天,使其成为第二个最近的已知凌日系外行星系统,也是最近的一个宿主是M矮星的系外行星系统。利用TESS数据,我们在LTT 1445系统中发现了第二颗行星,轨道周期为3.1天。我们结合从ESTERO、HARPS、HIRES、MAROON-X和PFS五个摄谱仪获得的径向速度测量结果,确定新世界也围绕LTT 1445 A运行。我们确定LTT 1445 Ab的质量和半径为2.87+/-0.25 M_Earth和1.304^{+0.067}_{-0.060} R_Earth,与类地球组成一致。对于新发现的LTT 1445 Ac,我们测量到质量为1.54^{+0.20}-0.19} M_Earth,最小半径为1.15 R_Earth,但我们不能直接确定半径,因为我们的光变曲线的信噪比允许掠射和非掠射配置。利用MEarth测光和地基光谱学,我们确定恒星C(0.161 M_Sun)可能是1.4天自转周期的来源,恒星B(0.215 M_Sun)可能有6.7天的自转周期。我们估计LTT 1445 A可能的自转周期为85天。因此,这个三重M矮星系统似乎处于一个特殊的演化阶段,其中质量最大的M矮星已经自旋下降,中等质量的M矮星正在自旋下降的过程中,而质量最小的恒星成分尚未开始自旋下降。

英文摘要:

LTT 1445 is a hierarchical triple M-dwarf star system located at a distance of 6.86 parsecs. The primary star LTT 1445A (0.257 M_Sun) is known to host the transiting planet LTT 1445Ab with an orbital period of 5.4 days, making it the second closest known transiting exoplanet system, and the closest one for which the host is an M dwarf. Using TESS data, we present the discovery of a second planet in the LTT 1445 system, with an orbital period of 3.1 days. We combine radial velocity measurements obtained from the five spectrographs ESPRESSO, HARPS, HIRES, MAROON-X, and PFS to establish that the new world also orbits LTT 1445A. We determine the mass and radius of LTT 1445Ab to be 2.87+/-0.25 M_Earth and 1.304^{+0.067}_{-0.060} R_Earth, consistent with an Earth-like composition. For the newly discovered LTT 1445Ac, we measure a mass of 1.54^{+0.20}_{-0.19} M_Earth and a minimum radius of 1.15 R_Earth, but we cannot determine the radius directly as the signal-to-noise of our light curve permits both grazing and non-grazing configurations. Using MEarth photometry and ground-based spectroscopy, we establish that star C (0.161 M_Sun) is likely the source of the 1.4-day rotation period, and star B (0.215 M_Sun) has a likely rotation period of 6.7 days. We estimate a probable rotation period of 85 days for LTT 1445A. Thus, this triple M-dwarf system appears to be in a special evolutionary stage where the most massive M dwarf has spun down, the intermediate mass M dwarf is in the process of spinning down, while the least massive stellar component has not yet begun to spin down.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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