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arXiv 2107.07501cs.ROcs.AIcs.GR
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一种用于接触感知机器人设计的端到端可区分框架

An End-to-End Differentiable Framework for Contact-Aware Robot Design

Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院);Texas A&M University(德克萨斯A&M大学)

Jie Xu, Tao Chen, Lara Zlokapa, Michael Foshey, Wojciech Matusik, Shinjiro Sueda, Pulkit Agrawal

摘要:

目前机器人操作的主要范例包括两个独立的阶段:机械手设计和控制。由于机器人的形态和如何控制它是密切相关的,设计和控制的联合优化可以显着提高性能。现有的协同优化方法是有限的,无法探索丰富的设计空间。主要原因是权衡设计的复杂性,这是必要的接触丰富的任务对制造,优化,接触处理等的实际限制,我们克服了这些挑战,通过建立一个端到端的差分框架接触感知机器人设计。该框架的两个关键组成部分是:一种新的基于变形的参数化,允许设计具有任意复杂几何形状的铰接刚性机器人,以及一个可微分的刚体模拟器,可以处理接触丰富的场景,并计算全谱运动学和动力学参数的分析梯度。在多个操作任务上,我们的框架优于现有的方法,这些方法要么只优化控制,要么使用替代表示进行设计,要么使用无梯度方法进行协同优化。

英文摘要:

The current dominant paradigm for robotic manipulation involves two separate stages: manipulator design and control. Because the robot's morphology and how it can be controlled are intimately linked, joint optimization of design and control can significantly improve performance. Existing methods for co-optimization are limited and fail to explore a rich space of designs. The primary reason is the trade-off between the complexity of designs that is necessary for contact-rich tasks against the practical constraints of manufacturing, optimization, contact handling, etc. We overcome several of these challenges by building an end-to-end differentiable framework for contact-aware robot design. The two key components of this framework are: a novel deformation-based parameterization that allows for the design of articulated rigid robots with arbitrary, complex geometry, and a differentiable rigid body simulator that can handle contact-rich scenarios and computes analytical gradients for a full spectrum of kinematic and dynamic parameters. On multiple manipulation tasks, our framework outperforms existing methods that either only optimize for control or for design using alternate representations or co-optimize using gradient-free methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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