arXiv 2107.023022021-07hep-phnucl-exnucl-th

重子输运与QCD临界点

Baryon transport and the QCD critical point

Lipei Du, Xin An, Ulrich Heinz

备注：: 26 pages, 17 figures; v2: Fig.14 moved to Fig.1, Sec.IIIC included more clarifications; published on PRC
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevC.104.064904

摘要：

相对论性重离子碰撞中产生的火球在不同能量下的QCD相图中遵循不同的轨迹，其中QCD临界点是一个标志。使用（1+1）维模型设置与横向均匀性，我们研究的复杂性所引入的事实，即每个火球的演化历史不能被描述为一个单一的轨迹，而是覆盖了整个带状的相图，与最终发射的强子谱集成的贡献，从许多不同的轨迹。通过研究不同时空速度下流体胞的相图轨迹，我们探讨了重子扩散如何使它们洗牌，以及它们如何受到QCD临界点附近临界动力学的影响。我们发现重子扩散对临界效应有一个惊人的不敏感性。它的起源进行了分析，并讨论了可能的影响。

英文摘要：

Fireballs created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at different beam energies have been argued to follow different trajectories in the QCD phase diagram in which the QCD critical point serves as a landmark. Using a (1+1)-dimensional model setting with transverse homogeneity, we study the complexities introduced by the fact that the evolution history of each fireball cannot be characterized by a single trajectory but rather covers an entire swath of the phase diagram, with the finally emitted hadron spectra integrating over contributions from many different trajectories. Studying the phase diagram trajectories of fluid cells at different space-time rapidities, we explore how baryon diffusion shuffles them around, and how they are affected by critical dynamics near the QCD critical point. We find a striking insensitivity of baryon diffusion to critical effects. Its origins are analyzed and possible implications discussed.

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英文摘要：

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