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arXiv 2107.02181astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qc
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利用第三代探测器随机引力波背景发现太阳下原初黑洞的前景

Prospects of discovering sub-solar primordial black holes using the stochastic gravitational wave background from third-generation detectors

Suvodip Mukherjee, Matthew S. P. Meinema, Joseph Silk

摘要:

原始黑洞(PBH)是暗物质候选者,其跨越从$10^{-17}$ $M_\odot$到$\sim 100$ $M_\odot$的广泛质量范围。我们表明,随机引力波背景可以是一个强大的窗口,为检测太阳下质量的PBH和揭示其形成通道,通过第三代引力波探测器,如宇宙探测器和爱因斯坦望远镜。利用致密天体的质量分布和合并速率的红移演化,我们可以区分天体物理源和PBH,并将亚太阳质量的PBH $\leq 1$ $M_\odot$以暗物质$f_{PBH}\leq 1\%$的形式限制在$68\%$ C. L.即使对于二进制抑制因子的悲观值也是如此。在不抑制合并率的情况下,对$f_{PBH}$的约束将小于$0.001\%$。此外,我们将能够测量的红移演化的PBH合并率与$1\%$精度,使其能够唯一区分泊松和集群PBH的情况。

英文摘要:

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are dark matter candidates that span broad mass ranges from $10^{-17}$ $M_\odot$ to $\sim 100$ $M_\odot$. We show that the stochastic gravitational wave background can be a powerful window for the detection of sub-solar mass PBHs and shed light on their formation channel via third-generation gravitational wave detectors such as Cosmic Explorer and the Einstein Telescope. By using the mass distribution of the compact objects and the redshift evolution of the merger rates, we can distinguish astrophysical sources from PBHs and will be able to constrain the fraction of sub-solar mass PBHs $\leq 1$ $M_\odot$ in the form of dark matter $f_{PBH}\leq 1\%$ at $68\%$ C.L. even for a pessimistic value of a binary suppression factor. In the absence of any suppression of the merger rate, constraints on $f_{PBH}$ will be less than $0.001\%$. Furthermore, we will be able to measure the redshift evolution of the PBH merger rate with about $1\%$ accuracy, making it possible to uniquely distinguish between the Poisson and clustered PBH scenarios.

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