Three-dimensional Stacking of Canted Antiferromagnetism and Pseudospin Current in Undoped Sr$_2$IrO$_4$: Symmetry Analysis and Microscopic Model Realization
Yun-Peng Huang, Jin-Wei Dong, Ziqiang Wang, Sen Zhou
Recent optical second-harmonic generation experiments observed unexpected broken spatial symmetries in the undoped spin-orbit Mott insulator Sr$_2$IrO$_4$, leading to intensive debates on the nature of its ground state. We propose that it is a canted antiferromagnetism with a hidden order of circulating staggered pseudospin current. Symmetry analysis shows that a proper $c$-axis stacking of the canted antiferromagnetism and the pseudospin current lead to a magnetoelectric coexistence state that breaks the two-fold rotation, inversion, and time-reversal symmetries, consistent with experimental observations. We construct a three-dimensional Hubbard model with spin-orbit coupling for the five localized 5$d$ Wannier orbitals centered at Ir sites, and demonstrate the microscopic realization of the desired coexistence state in a wide range of band parameters via a combination of self-consistent Hartree-Fock and variational calculations.
Quantum incommensurate Skyrmion crystals and Commensurate to In-commensurate transitions in cold atoms and materials with spin orbit couplings in a Zeeman field
本文研究了二维各向异性Rashba型自旋轨道耦合（SOC）和塞曼场作用下晶格中强相互作用的旋量原子。我们发现塞曼场和SOC之间的相互作用提供了一个新的平台，主机丰富和新颖类的量子公度和非公度相位，激发和相变。这些公度相分别包括低塞曼场和高塞曼场下的两个共线态和镜反射SOC参数下的两个共面倾斜态。最重要的是，存在由4个公度相包围的非共面的非公度Skyrmion（IC-SkX）晶体相。计算了所有5个相位以上的新激发谱，特别是IC-SKX相位。三个不同类别的量子相称的不相称的过渡从IC-SKX到其4个相邻的相称的阶段被确定。有限的温度行为和转变进行了讨论。所有相的临界温度可以通过简单地调整每个位点的原子数$ N $而提高到高于当前冷原子冷却技术所能达到的温度。鉴于最近在光晶格中产生冷原子的2d SOC方面取得的令人印象深刻的实验进展，这些新的多体现象可以在当前和不久的将来的冷原子实验中探索。给出了在MnSi、Fe $_{0.5}$ Co $_{0.5}$ Si等材料中的应用，特别是Li $_2$ IrO $_3$中的复杂无公度磁序.
