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arXiv 2106.14532astro-ph.HE
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SN 1987 A:通过比较SRG/eROSITA和XMM-牛顿观测追踪通量下降和光谱演变

SN 1987A : Tracing the flux decline and spectral evolution through a comparison of SRG/eROSITA and XMM-Newton observations

C. Maitra, F. Haberl, M. Sasaki, P. Maggi, K. Dennerl, M. J. Freyberg

摘要:

SN 1987 A是近四个世纪以来观测到的最接近的超新星,它提供了一个独特的机会来见证超新星遗迹的诞生和演化。2007- 2020年,XMM Newton EPIC-pn对该源进行了监测。SRG/eROSITA还在其调试阶段和9月的第一次光中观察了该源。和2019年10月。我们使用XMM-Newton和eROSITA观测研究了SN 1987 A在过去14年(截至2020年11月)的X射线光谱和通量演化。我们使用三分量平面平行激波模型进行了详细的频谱分析,并以一致的方式分析和模拟了EPIC-pn监测和eROSITA观测。本文报道了SN 1987 A在软(0.5- 2keV)和硬(3-10 keV)X射线波段的最新通量演化。软带通量在9424 d左右趋于平缓,然后在10142-10493 d之间出现一个周转,之后继续下降。大约在同一时间,检测到硬带通量时间演化斜率的中断。这意味着爆炸波已经越过赤道环的致密结构,并进一步扩展到更稀薄的星周介质中。三个激波分量的归一化的时间演化与流体动力学模拟预测蓝超巨星祖先情景的结果很好地匹配。最近几个时期的趋势表明,由离开赤道环后的正向激波和由喷出物中的反向激波引起的发射现在变得更占主导地位。热等离子体成分中的元素丰度明显高于“较冷”成分中的元素丰度,表明其起源于传播到喷出物中的反向激波。

英文摘要:

SN 1987A is the closest observed supernova in the last four centuries and provides a unique opportunity to witness the birth and evolution of a supernova remnant. The source has been monitored by XMM Newton EPIC-pn from 2007--2020. SRG/eROSITA also observed the source during its commissioning phase and the first light in Sept. and Oct. 2019. We investigated the spectral and flux evolution of SN 1987A in X-rays over the last fourteen years up to Nov. 2020 using XMM-Newton and eROSITA observations. We performed a detailed spectral analysis using a three-component plane-parallel shock model and analysed and modelled the EPIC-pn monitoring and eROSITA observations in a consistent manner. This paper reports a complete and most up to date flux evolution of SN 1987A in the soft (0.5-2 keV) and hard (3-10 keV) X-ray band. The flux in the soft band flattened around 9424 d and then displayed a turnover between 10142-10493 d after which it showed a continued decline. Around the same time, a break in the hard-band flux time evolution slope was detected. This implies that the blast wave has now passed beyond the dense structures of the equatorial ring and is expanding further into more tenuous circumstellar medium. The temporal evolution of the normalizations of the three shock components match well the results of hydrodynamical simulations predicting a blue supergiant progenitor scenario. The trend at recent epochs indicate that the emission caused by the forward shock after leaving the equatorial ring and by the reverse shock in the ejecta is becoming more dominant now. The elemental abundances in the hot plasma component are significantly higher than those in the `cooler' one, indicating its origin from the reverse shock propagating into the ejecta.

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