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arXiv 2106.13634stat.MEq-bio.QM
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高通量测序数据差异表达分析的多尺度泊松过程方法

Multi-scale Poisson process approaches for differential expression analysis of high-throughput sequencing data

Heejung Shim, Zhengrong Xing, Ester Pantaleo, Francesca Luca, Roger Pique-Regi, Matthew Stephens

摘要:

评估和测试不同条件下的分子表型差异(例如基因表达、染色质可及性、转录因子结合)是理解基因调控的分子基础的重要组成部分。这些表型通常使用高通量测序测定(例如,RNA-seq、ATAC-seq、ChIP-seq),其提供反映表型如何沿基因组变化的高分辨率计数数据。已经提出了多种方法来帮助利用这些高分辨率的测量差异表达分析。但是,它们忽略了数据的计数性质,而是使用仅适用于大样本量或高计数数据的正态近似。在这里,我们开发基于计数的方法来解决这个问题。我们使用具有空间结构的底层强度函数的非齐次泊松过程对每个样本的数据进行建模,然后建立泊松过程的多尺度模型,估计和测试样本(或样本组)之间的底层强度函数的差异。使用模拟和真实的ATAC-seq数据,我们表明我们的方法优于以前的正常的方法,特别是在小样本量或低计数的情况下。

英文摘要:

Estimating and testing for differences in molecular phenotypes (e.g. gene expression, chromatin accessibility, transcription factor binding) across conditions is an important part of understanding the molecular basis of gene regulation. These phenotypes are commonly measured using high-throughput sequencing assays (e.g., RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, ChIP-seq), which provide high-resolution count data that reflect how the phenotypes vary along the genome. Multiple methods have been proposed to help exploit these high-resolution measurements for differential expression analysis. However, they ignore the count nature of the data, instead using normal approximations that work well only for data with large sample sizes or high counts. Here we develop count-based methods to address this problem. We model the data for each sample using an inhomogeneous Poisson process with spatially structured underlying intensity function, and then, building on multi-scale models for the Poisson process, estimate and test for differences in the underlying intensity function across samples (or groups of samples). Using both simulation and real ATAC-seq data we show that our method outperforms previous normal-based methods, especially in situations with small sample sizes or low counts.

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