随机重置：一个（非常）简短的评论
Stochastic resetting: A (very) brief review
摘要：
随机过程提供了一种与确定性过程完全不同的动力学范式，后者最突出的例子是牛顿运动定律。在这里，我们讨论在教学方式的一个简单的和说明性的例子，随机过程的形式进行标准的布朗扩散的粒子，与粒子重置重复和随机的时间，其初始条件的附加功能。多年来，这个简单的设置已经研究了许多不同的变种，所有这些都作为插图的非平凡和有趣的静态和动态的特点，在很长一段时间的随机动力学。在这项工作中，我们将提供一个简要概述这个活跃和迅速发展的领域，考虑可以说是最简单的例子布朗扩散在一维。一路上，我们将学习一些物理学家用来研究随机过程的一般技术。相关的特殊问题，我们将详细讨论如何引入重置，否则扩散动力学提供了一个明确的优化的时间来定位一个目标，通过一个特殊的选择的重置协议。我们还讨论了重置热力学，并提供了一个鸟瞰的一些最近的工作领域的重置。
英文摘要：
Stochastic processes offer a fundamentally different paradigm of dynamics than deterministic processes, the most prominent example of the latter being Newton's laws of motion. Here, we discuss in a pedagogical manner a simple and illustrative example of stochastic processes in the form of a particle undergoing standard Brownian diffusion, with the additional feature of the particle resetting repeatedly and at random times to its initial condition. Over the years, many different variants of this simple setting have been studied, all of which serve as illustrations of non-trivial and interesting static and dynamic features that characterize stochastic dynamics at long times. We will provide in this work a brief overview of this active and rapidly evolving field by considering the arguably simplest example of Brownian diffusion in one dimension. Along the way, we will learn about some of the general techniques that a physicist employs to study stochastic processes. Relevant to the special issue, we will discuss in detail how introducing resetting in an otherwise diffusive dynamics provides an explicit optimization of the time to locate a target through a special choice of the resetting protocol. We also discuss thermodynamics of resetting, and provide a bird's eye view of some of the recent work in the field of resetting.
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