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arXiv 2106.06370cond-mat.mes-hallquant-ph
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在腔电动力学的量子和经典描述中二维半导体电子响应的光学修整

Optical dressing of the electronic response of two-dimensional semiconductors in quantum and classical descriptions of cavity electrodynamics

Ivan Amelio, Lukas Korosec, Iacopo Carusotto, Giacomo Mazza

摘要:

研究了光腔中真空光与物质相互作用的量子效应。我们专注于放置在一个平面腔体内的二维半导体的电子响应。通过使用的电子-光子相互作用的图解扩展,我们描述了光-物质杂交的特征在于在共振频率的光谱权重的大的不对称移位的签名。我们遵循光敷料从腔到自由空间极限的演变。在腔的限制,轻物质杂交的结果在修改的光学间隙与相当大的光谱重量出现在裸露的间隙边缘以下。在大腔的限制下,我们发现了一个剩余的光谱权重的重新分配变得独立的两个镜子之间的距离。我们表明,光子敷料的电子响应可以完全解释使用经典的光的描述。经典的描述被发现举行了强耦合制度的光-物质相互作用突出的大修改的光子谱相对于空腔。我们表明,尽管强耦合,量子校正是可以忽略不计的小,弱依赖于腔约束。因此,与光学带隙相反,单粒子电子带隙不被强耦合明显地改变。我们的结果表明,量子校正是由非共振光子模式在高能量。因此,光腔限制很难被看作是控制真空中光与物质相互作用的量子效应的旋钮。

英文摘要:

We study quantum effects of the vacuum light-matter interaction in materials embedded in optical cavities. We focus on the electronic response of a two-dimensional semiconductor placed inside a planar cavity. By using a diagrammatic expansion of the electron-photon interaction, we describe signatures of light-matter hybridization characterized by large asymmetric shifts of the spectral weight at resonant frequencies. We follow the evolution of the light-dressing from the cavity to the free-space limit. In the cavity limit, light-matter hybridization results in a modification of the optical gap with sizeable spectral weight appearing below the bare gap edge. In the limit of large cavities, we find a residual redistribution of spectral weight which becomes independent of the distance between the two mirrors. We show that the photon dressing of the electronic response can be fully explained by using a classical description of light. The classical description is found to hold up to a strong coupling regime of the light-matter interaction highlighted by the large modification of the photon spectra with respect to the empty cavity. We show that, despite the strong coupling, quantum corrections are negligibly small and weakly dependent on the cavity confinement. As a consequence, in contrast to the optical gap, the single particle electronic band gap is not sensibly modified by the strong-coupling. Our results show that quantum corrections are dominated by off-resonant photon modes at high energy. As such, cavity confinement can hardly be seen as a knob to control the quantum effects of the light-matter interaction in vacuum.

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