Semantic and Syntactic Enhanced Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction
National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System（国家大数据技术与系统工程研究中心）；Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学）；University of Montreal（蒙特利尔大学）；Mila（米拉人工智能研究所）
Zhexue Chen, Hong Huang, Bang Liu, Xuanhua Shi, Hai Jin
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) aims to extract triplets from sentences, where each triplet includes an entity, its associated sentiment, and the opinion span explaining the reason for the sentiment. Most existing research addresses this problem in a multi-stage pipeline manner, which neglects the mutual information between such three elements and has the problem of error propagation. In this paper, we propose a Semantic and Syntactic Enhanced aspect Sentiment triplet Extraction model (S3E2) to fully exploit the syntactic and semantic relationships between the triplet elements and jointly extract them. Specifically, we design a Graph-Sequence duel representation and modeling paradigm for the task of ASTE: we represent the semantic and syntactic relationships between word pairs in a sentence by graph and encode it by Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), as well as modeling the original sentence by LSTM to preserve the sequential information. Under this setting, we further apply a more efficient inference strategy for the extraction of triplets. Extensive evaluations on four benchmark datasets show that S3E2 significantly outperforms existing approaches, which proves our S3E2's superiority and flexibility in an end-to-end fashion.
Beijing Jiaotong University（北京交通大学）；Pattern Recognition Center, WeChat AI, Tencent Inc（腾讯公司微信人工智能模式识别中心）
The aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) task remains to be a long-standing challenge, which aims to extract the aspect term and then identify its sentiment orientation.In previous approaches, the explicit syntactic structure of a sentence, which reflects the syntax properties of natural language and hence is intuitively crucial for aspect term extraction and sentiment recognition, is typically neglected or insufficiently modeled. In this paper, we thus propose a novel dependency syntactic knowledge augmented interactive architecture with multi-task learning for end-to-end ABSA. This model i…
Tencent Inc.（腾讯公司）；College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University（深圳大学计算机与软件学院）；Baidu Inc.（百度公司）
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) aims to extract aspect term, sentiment and opinion term triplets from sentences and tries to provide a complete solution for aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA). However, some triplets extracted by ASTE are confusing, since the sentiment in a triplet extracted by ASTE is the sentiment that the sentence expresses toward the aspect term rather than the sentiment of the aspect term and opinion term pair. In this paper, we introduce a more fine-grained Aspect-Sentiment-Opinion Triplet Extraction (ASOTE) Task. ASOTE also extracts aspect term, sentiment …
College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University（深圳大学计算机与软件学院）；Tencent Inc.（腾讯公司）
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) aims to extract aspect term (aspect), sentiment and opinion term (opinion) triplets from sentences and can tell a complete story, i.e., the discussed aspect, the sentiment toward the aspect, and the cause of the sentiment. ASTE is a charming task, however, one triplet extracted by ASTE only includes one opinion of the aspect, but an aspect in a sentence may have multiple corresponding opinions and one opinion only provides part of the reason why the aspect has this sentiment, as a consequence, some triplets extracted by ASTE are hard to understand, an…
Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；Westlake University（西湖大学）；Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学）；Westlake Institute for Advanced Study（西湖高等研究院）
Targeted sentiment classification predicts the sentiment polarity on given target mentions in input texts. Dominant methods employ neural networks for encoding the input sentence and extracting relations between target mentions and their contexts. Recently, graph neural network has been investigated for integrating dependency syntax for the task, achieving the state-of-the-art results. However, existing methods do not consider dependency label information, which can be intuitively useful. To solve the problem, we investigate a novel relational graph attention network that integrates typed synt…
Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学）；University of Padua（帕多瓦大学）
Due to their inherent capability in semantic alignment of aspects and their context words, attention mechanism and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely applied for aspect-based sentiment classification. However, these models lack a mechanism to account for relevant syntactical constraints and long-range word dependencies, and hence may mistakenly recognize syntactically irrelevant contextual words as clues for judging aspect sentiment. To tackle this problem, we propose to build a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) over the dependency tree of a sentence to exploit syntactical informa…
Language Technologies Research Centre（语言技术研究中心）；KCIS, IIIT Hyderabad（海得拉巴国际信息技术研究所知识计算与集成系统中心）
The phenomenon of mixing the vocabulary and syntax of multiple languages within the same utterance is called Code-Mixing. This is more evident in multilingual societies. In this paper, we have developed a system for SemEval 2020: Task 9 on Sentiment Analysis for Code-Mixed Social Media Text. Our system first generates two types of embeddings for the social media text. In those, the first one is character level embeddings to encode the character level information and to handle the out-of-vocabulary entries and the second one is FastText word embeddings for capturing morphology and semantics. Th…
Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技设计大学）；DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group（阿里巴巴达摩院）；ByteDance（字节跳动）
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) is the task of extracting the triplets of target entities, their associated sentiment, and opinion spans explaining the reason for the sentiment. Existing research efforts mostly solve this problem using pipeline approaches, which break the triplet extraction process into several stages. Our observation is that the three elements within a triplet are highly related to each other, and this motivates us to build a joint model to extract such triplets using a sequence tagging approach. However, how to effectively design a tagging approach to extract the …
College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University（南开大学人工智能学院）；Cloopen Research（容联云研究院）
Aspect sentiment triplet extraction (ASTE), which aims to identify aspects from review sentences along with their corresponding opinion expressions and sentiments, is an emerging task in fine-grained opinion mining. Since ASTE consists of multiple subtasks, including opinion entity extraction, relation detection, and sentiment classification, it is critical and challenging to appropriately capture and utilize the associations among them. In this paper, we transform ASTE task into a multi-turn machine reading comprehension (MTMRC) task and propose a bidirectional MRC (BMRC) framework to address…
Triple GNNs: Introducing Syntactic and Semantic Information for Conversational Aspect-Based Quadruple Sentiment Analysis
Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院信息工程研究所）；School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学网络空间安全学院）；The National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China（国家计算机网络应急技术处理协调中心）
University of Hamburg（汉堡大学）；Umeå University（于默奥大学）
Sentiment analysis has transitioned from classifying the sentiment of an entire sentence to providing the contextual information of what targets exist in a sentence, what sentiment the individual targets have, and what the causal words responsible for that sentiment are. However, this has led to elaborate requirements being placed on the datasets needed to train neural networks on the joint triplet task of determining an entity, its sentiment, and the causal words for that sentiment. Requiring this kind of data for training systems is problematic, as they suffer from stacking subjective annota…
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) aims to extract triplets from a sentence, including target entities, associated sentiment polarities, and opinion spans which rationalize the polarities. Existing methods are short on building correlation between target-opinion pairs, and neglect the mutual interference among different sentiment triplets. To address these issues, we utilize a two-stage framework to enhance the correlation between targets and opinions: at stage one, we extract targets and opinions through sequence tagging; then we append a group of artificial tags named Perceivable Pai…
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) aims to recognize targets, their sentiment polarities and opinions explaining the sentiment from a sentence. ASTE could be naturally divided into 3 atom subtasks, namely target detection, opinion detection and sentiment classification. We argue that the proper subtask combination, compositional feature extraction for target-opinion pairs, and interaction between subtasks would be the key to success. Prior work, however, may fail on `one-to-many' or `many-to-one' situations or derive non-existent sentiment triplets due to defective subtask formulation,…
Large Language Models Enhanced by Plug and Play Syntactic Knowledge for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis
University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；China Resources Digital Technology（中国资源数字技术）；People’s Daily Online（人民日报在线）；Sichuan University（四川大学）
Aspect sentiment triplet extraction (ASTE) aims to extract aspect term, sentiment and opinion term triplets from sentences. Since the initial datasets used to evaluate models on ASTE had flaws, several studies later corrected the initial datasets and released new versions of the datasets independently. As a result, different studies select different versions of datasets to evaluate their methods, which makes ASTE-related works hard to follow. In this paper, we analyze the relation between different versions of datasets and suggest that the entire-space version should be used for ASTE. Besides …
Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技设计大学）；DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group（阿里巴巴集团达摩院）
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) is the most recent subtask of ABSA which outputs triplets of an aspect target, its associated sentiment, and the corresponding opinion term. Recent models perform the triplet extraction in an end-to-end manner but heavily rely on the interactions between each target word and opinion word. Thereby, they cannot perform well on targets and opinions which contain multiple words. Our proposed span-level approach explicitly considers the interaction between the whole spans of targets and opinions when predicting their sentiment relation. Thus, it can make p…
CrosGrpsABS: Cross-Attention over Syntactic and Semantic Graphs for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis in a Low-Resource Language
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology（孟加拉国商业技术大学计算机科学与工程系）；Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology（恰尔达姆工程与技术大学计算机科学与工程系）
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) deals with extracting opinion triplets, consisting of an opinion target or aspect, its associated sentiment, and the corresponding opinion term/span explaining the rationale behind the sentiment. Existing research efforts are majorly tagging-based. Among the methods taking a sequence tagging approach, some fail to capture the strong interdependence between the three opinion factors, whereas others fall short of identifying triplets with overlapping aspect/opinion spans. A recent grid tagging approach on the other hand fails to capture the span-level s…
STAGE: Span Tagging and Greedy Inference Scheme for Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction
School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Joint Laboratory of HUST and Pingan Property & Casualty Research (HPL)（华中科技大学与平安财产保险研究院联合实验室）；Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学）；Ping An Property & Casualty Insurance company of China, Ltd（中国平安财产保险股份有限公司）
Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA), aiming at predicting the polarities for aspects, is a fine-grained task in the field of sentiment analysis. Previous work showed syntactic information, e.g. dependency trees, can effectively improve the ABSA performance. Recently, pre-trained models (PTMs) also have shown their effectiveness on ABSA. Therefore, the question naturally arises whether PTMs contain sufficient syntactic information for ABSA so that we can obtain a good ABSA model only based on PTMs. In this paper, we firstly compare the induced trees from PTMs and the dependency parsing trees…
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University（清华大学深圳国际研究生院）
Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) is a sentiment analysis task at fine-grained level. Recently, generative frameworks have attracted increasing attention in ABSA due to their ability to unify subtasks and their continuity to upstream pre-training tasks. However, these generative models suffer from the neighboring dependency problem that induces neighboring words to get higher attention. In this paper, we propose SynGen, a plug-and-play syntactic information aware module. As a plug-in module, our SynGen can be easily applied to any generative framework backbones. The key insight of our mod…
Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学）；University of Padova（帕多瓦大学）
The state-of-the-art Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) approaches are mainly based on either detecting aspect terms and their corresponding sentiment polarities, or co-extracting aspect and opinion terms. However, the extraction of aspect-sentiment pairs lacks opinion terms as a reference, while co-extraction of aspect and opinion terms would not lead to meaningful pairs without determining their sentiment dependencies. To address the issue, we present a novel view of ABSA as an opinion triplet extraction task, and propose a multi-task learning framework to jointly extract aspect terms an…
Prototype-Regularized Federated Learning for Cross-Domain Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction
State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, Guizhou University（贵州大学公共大数据国家重点实验室）；College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University（贵州大学计算机科学与技术学院）；School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology（广东工业大学信息工程学院）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University（南京大学人工智能学院）
DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group（阿里巴巴集团达摩院）；Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技设计大学）
Target-based sentiment analysis or aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) refers to addressing various sentiment analysis tasks at a fine-grained level, which includes but is not limited to aspect extraction, aspect sentiment classification, and opinion extraction. There exist many solvers of the above individual subtasks or a combination of two subtasks, and they can work together to tell a complete story, i.e. the discussed aspect, the sentiment on it, and the cause of the sentiment. However, no previous ABSA research tried to provide a complete solution in one shot. In this paper, we introd…
Sichuan University（四川大学）；The University of Adelaide（阿德莱德大学）；University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；Tencent（腾讯）
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) aims to extract the spans of aspect, opinion, and their sentiment relations as sentiment triplets. Existing works usually formulate the span detection as a 1D token tagging problem, and model the sentiment recognition with a 2D tagging matrix of token pairs. Moreover, by leveraging the token representation of Pretrained Language Encoders (PLEs) like BERT, they can achieve better performance. However, they simply leverage PLEs as feature extractors to build their modules but never have a deep look at what specific knowledge does PLEs contain. In this p…
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) is the task of extracting triplets of aspect terms, their associated sentiments, and the opinion terms that provide evidence for the expressed sentiments. Previous approaches to ASTE usually simultaneously extract all three components or first identify the aspect and opinion terms, then pair them up to predict their sentiment polarities. In this work, we present a novel paradigm, ASTE-RL, by regarding the aspect and opinion terms as arguments of the expressed sentiment in a hierarchical reinforcement learning (RL) framework. We first focus on sentimen…
Syntactic parsing, the process of obtaining the internal structure of sentences in natural languages, is a crucial task for artificial intelligence applications that need to extract meaning from natural language text or speech. Sentiment analysis is one example of application for which parsing has recently proven useful. In recent years, there have been significant advances in the accuracy of parsing algorithms. In this article, we perform an empirical, task-oriented evaluation to determine how parsing accuracy influences the performance of a state-of-the-art rule-based sentiment analysis syst…
The media attention to the personal sphere of famous and important individuals has become a key element of the gender narrative. Here we combine lexical, syntactic and sentiment analysis to investigate the role of gender in the personalization of a wide range of political office holders in Italy during the period 2017-2020. On the basis of a score for words that is introduced to account for gender unbalance in both representative and news coverage, we show that the political personalization in Italy is more detrimental for women than men, with the persistence of entrenched stereotypes includin…
Graph Neural Network Framework for Sentiment Analysis Using Syntactic Feature
Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）；Southwest Jiaotong University（西南交通大学）；San Francisco State University（旧金山州立大学）；Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）；Trine University（特莱恩大学）
School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学网络空间科学与技术学院）；University of Shantou（汕头大学）；China Academic of Electronics and Information Technology（中国电子科技集团公司电子科学研究院）；Shijiazhuang Tiedao Univerisity（石家庄铁道大学）；Guizhou University（贵州大学）；Guangxi Normal University（广西师范大学）；Kunming University of Science and Technology（昆明理工大学）；Hangzhou Innovation Institute of Beihang University（北京航空航天大学杭州创新研究院）
Aerospace Information Research Institute（空天信息创新研究院）；School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering（电子电气与通信工程学院）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) is a new fine-grained sentiment analysis task that aims to extract triplets of aspect terms, sentiments, and opinion terms from review sentences. Recently, span-level models achieve gratifying results on ASTE task by taking advantage of the predictions of all possible spans. Since all possible spans significantly increases the number of potential aspect and opinion candidates, it is crucial and challenging to efficiently extract the triplet elements among them. In this paper, we present a span-level bidirectional network which utilizes all possible sp…
We introduce a tree-structured attention neural network for sentences and small phrases and apply it to the problem of sentiment classification. Our model expands the current recursive models by incorporating structural information around a node of a syntactic tree using both bottom-up and top-down information propagation. Also, the model utilizes structural attention to identify the most salient representations during the construction of the syntactic tree. To our knowledge, the proposed models achieve state of the art performance on the Stanford Sentiment Treebank dataset.
Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学）；Meituan NLP（美团自然语言处理团队）
Structural bias has recently been exploited for aspect sentiment triplet extraction (ASTE) and led to improved performance. On the other hand, it is recognized that explicitly incorporating structural bias would have a negative impact on efficiency, whereas pretrained language models (PLMs) can already capture implicit structures. Thus, a natural question arises: Is structural bias still a necessity in the context of PLMs? To answer the question, we propose to address the efficiency issues by using an adapter to integrate structural bias in the PLM and using a cheap-to-compute relative positio…
Consistency Analysis of Sentiment Predictions using Syntactic & Semantic Context Assessment Summarization (SSAS)
Tellagence Inc.（Tellagence公司）；Villanova School of Business, Villanova University（维拉文纳大学商学院）；Maseeh College of Engineering and Computer Science, Portland State University（波特兰州立大学Maseeh工程与计算机科学学院）
Aspect level sentiment classification aims to identify the sentiment expressed towards an aspect given a context sentence. Previous neural network based methods largely ignore the syntax structure in one sentence. In this paper, we propose a novel target-dependent graph attention network (TD-GAT) for aspect level sentiment classification, which explicitly utilizes the dependency relationship among words. Using the dependency graph, it propagates sentiment features directly from the syntactic context of an aspect target. In our experiments, we show our method outperforms multiple baselines with…
MiniConGTS: A Near Ultimate Minimalist Contrastive Grid Tagging Scheme for Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction
Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory（上海人工智能实验室）；Academy of Engineering and Technology, Fudan University（复旦大学工程与技术学院）；Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）；School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University（复旦大学信息科学与技术学院）
