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arXiv 2106.02693stat.MEcs.LGmath.STstat.TH
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允许可选停止的精确序贯k样本检验的通用E变量

Generic E-Variables for Exact Sequential k-Sample Tests that allow for Optional Stopping

CWI(荷兰国家数学与计算机科学研究所);NWO-I(荷兰科学研究组织研究所联盟);University Medical Center Utrecht(乌得勒支大学医学中心);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学);Leiden University(莱顿大学)

Rosanne Turner, Alexander Ly, Peter Grünwald

摘要:

我们开发了E变量来测试两个或多个数据流是否来自同一个源,更一般地说,是否源之间的差异大于一些最小效应大小。这些E-变量导致精确的,非渐近的测试,保持安全,即保持其第一类错误的保证,灵活的抽样方案,如可选的停止和继续。在特殊情况下,我们的E-变量也有一个最佳的“增长”属性下的替代品。虽然建设是通用的,我们说明它通过特殊情况下的K × 2列联表,在那里我们还允许将不同的限制,对复合替代品。与模拟中的p值分析和真实世界的例子相比,E变量通过其灵活性,通常允许提前停止数据收集,从而保留与经典方法相似的能力,同时还保留了扩展或合并数据的选项。

英文摘要:

We develop E-variables for testing whether two or more data streams come from the same source or not, and more generally, whether the difference between the sources is larger than some minimal effect size. These E-variables lead to exact, nonasymptotic tests that remain safe, i.e. keep their type-I error guarantees, under flexible sampling scenarios such as optional stopping and continuation. In special cases our E-variables also have an optimal 'growth' property under the alternative. While the construction is generic, we illustrate it through the special case of k x 2 contingency tables, where we also allow for the incorporation of different restrictions on a composite alternative. Comparison to p-value analysis in simulations and a real-world example show that E-variables, through their flexibility, often allow for early stopping of data collection, thereby retaining similar power as classical methods, while also retaining the option of extending or combining data afterwards.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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