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arXiv 2106.01951q-bio.BMq-bio.NC
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蛋白质的精确计算进化及其对深度学习的依赖

Accurate computational evolution of proteins and its dependence on deep learning

Prabha Sankara Narayanan, Ashish Runthala

摘要:

酶是实现细胞多种功能的主要工具。它以高度特异性催化生物反应,其拓扑结构起着至关重要的作用。为了生态安全地生产包括药物和化学品在内的许多生物产品,我们一直在努力设计具有高度改进的催化能力的工业上有用的酶分子。由于酶的序列空间是巨大的,它的快速和有效的探索是相当不可能的诱变研究,其准确性在很大程度上依赖于突变位点的先验信息和突变库的严格筛选的程度。尽管定向进化方法显著地帮助构建功能改进的分子,但是它们的可信度取决于在包含数十亿蛋白质的可用数据库中成功地挖掘功能相似的序列空间。由于深度学习方法可以帮助我们在没有任何实验数据的情况下广泛揭示所有关键催化位置的底层网络,因此它们的实现可靠地提高了定向进化的准确性。本章全面解释了数据挖掘和深度学习方法,以进一步展示它们在酶工程方法中的重要性。最后强调了这些深度学习方法的关键生物和算法限制。

英文摘要:

Enzyme is the major workhorse to carry out the diverse cellular functions. It catalyzes the biological reactions with a high specificity, with its topology playing a crucial role. For ecologically safe production of numerous bioproducts including drugs and chemicals, we have been striving to design the industrially useful enzyme molecules with highly improved catalytic capability. As the sequence space is enormous for an enzyme, its quick and effective exploration is quite improbable for the mutagenesis studies whose accuracy is greatly reliant on the prior information of the mutated sites and the extent of rigorous screening of the mutant libraries. Although directed evolution methods significantly aid the construction of a functionally improved molecule, their credibility depends on the successful excavation of the functionally similar sequence space in the available databases, encompassing billions of proteins. As deep learning methods aid us to extensively uncover the underlying network of all the key catalytic positions without any experimental data, their implementation has reliably increased the accuracy of directed evolution. The chapter comprehensively explains data mining and deep learning methods to further showcase their importance in enzyme engineering methods. The key biological and algorithmic limitations of these deep learning methodologies are lastly highlighted.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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