一种支持数据通信快速波束训练的四单元800 MHz- BW 29 mW真时延空间信号处理器
A 4-Element 800MHz-BW 29mW True-Time-Delay Spatial Signal Processor Enabling Fast Beam-Training with Data Communications
摘要：
新兴的毫米波无线网络的空间信号处理器（SSP）关键取决于链路发现。为了避免通信丢失，移动设备需要定位具有毫秒延迟的窄定向波束。在这项工作中，我们展示了一个真正的时间延迟（TTD）阵列与数字可重构延迟元件，使快速波束训练在接收机与宽带数据通信。在波束训练模式中，实现大的延迟带宽积以使用频率相关的探测波束来加速波束训练。在数据通信模式中，实现精确的波束对准以减轻宽带信号波束成形期间的空间效应。基于4元件开关电容的时间交错阵列使用紧凑的闭环积分器进行信号组合，并在时钟域中实现延迟补偿，以实现高精度和大延迟范围。TTD SSP采用TSMC 65 nm CMOS制作原型，在波束训练模式下成功展示了独特的频率到角度映射，最大延迟为3.8ns，带宽为800 MHz。在数据通信模式下，在80 ~ 800 MHz范围内获得了近12 dB的均匀波束形成增益。TTD SSP在1V电源下功耗为29 mW，在9.8%EVM下实现122 MB/s的16-QAM。
英文摘要：
Spatial signal processors (SSP) for emerging millimeter-wave wireless networks are critically dependent on link discovery. To avoid loss in communication, mobile devices need to locate narrow directional beams with millisecond latency. In this work, we demonstrate a true-time-delay (TTD) array with digitally reconfigurable delay elements enabling both fast beam-training at the receiver with wideband data communications. In beam-training mode, large delay-bandwidth products are implemented to accelerate beam training using frequency-dependent probing beams. In data communications mode, precise beam alignment is achieved to mitigate spatial effects during beam-forming for wideband signals. The 4-element switched-capacitor based time-interleaved array uses a compact closed-loop integrator for signal combining with the delay compensation implemented in the clock domain to achieve high precision and large delay range. Prototyped in TSMC 65nm CMOS, the TTD SSP successfully demonstrates unique frequency-to-angle mapping with 3.8ns maximum delay and 800MHz bandwidth in the beam-training mode. In the data communications mode, nearly 12dB uniform beamforming gain is achieved from 80MHz to 800MHz. The TTD SSP consumes 29mW at 1V supply achieving 122MB/s with 16-QAM at 9.8% EVM.
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