由于光学元件的尺寸和损伤阈值受到限制,激光对光学元件的损伤限制了拍瓦(PW)激光器峰值功率的提高和运行安全。脉冲压缩器中的衍射光栅一直是脉宽激光器中最短的板条,因此制作高质量的米级光栅仍然是一个挑战。本文提出了一种用于PW激光器的非对称四光栅压缩器(AFGC),与传统的对称结构Treacy四光栅压缩器(TFGC)相比,在不增加光学元件和不增加额外控制的情况下,提高了PW激光器的最大输出脉冲能量和运行安全性。在AFGC中,可以在输出激光束中引入适当的空间色散,这能够减小输出光束在最终光栅上的激光空间强度调制(LSIM)。引入的空间色散可以通过使用时空聚焦技术在焦平面处自动补偿。基于这种简单的AFGC设计,不仅可以降低最终光栅的损坏风险,而且理论上最大输出脉冲能量可以提高约1.8倍。作为一个例子,100 PW的输出功率理论上可以通过使用AFGC与输入光束尺寸为550*700 mm 2。
英文摘要:
The peak power improvement and running safety of petawatt (PW) lasers are limited by laser-induced damage of optical components with limited sizes and damage thresholds. Diffraction gratings in pulse compressors have been the shortest stave of PW lasers up to now, as to manufacture a high quality meter-sized grating remains particularly challenging. Here, the asymmetric four-grating compressor (AFGC) with asymmetric configuration is proposed for PW lasers to increase the maximum bearable output pulse energy and running safety without neither additional optical component nor extra control in comparison to a traditional Treacy four-grating compressor (TFGC) with symmetric configuration. In AFGC, suitable spatial dispersion can be introduced in the output laser beam which is able to decrease the laser spatial intensity modulation (LSIM) of the output beam on the final grating. The introduced spatial dispersion can be automatically compensated at the focal plane by using the spatiotemporal focusing technique. Based on this simple AFGC design, not only the damage risk of the final grating can be reduced, but also the maximum output pulse energy can be improved by about 1.8 times theoretically. As an example, 100 PW output power can be achieved theoretically by using the AFGC with an input beam size of 550*700 mm2.
Analytical analysis of the decrease in the focal intensity of a femtosecond laser pulse caused by an imperfect surface of compressor diffraction gratings
Multistage smoothing based multistep pulse compressor for ultrahigh peak power lasers
超高峰值功率激光器是前沿激光物理研究的重要科学工具,其峰值功率的提高和运行安全性都非常重要,但目前受到压缩光栅损伤阈值和尺寸的限制。在“多级脉冲压缩器(MPC)"的基础上,提出了一种基于多级平滑的MPC(MS-MPC),以进一步提高MPC的运行安全性和操作方便性,并简化MPC的整体结构。在这种优化设计中,束流平滑不是简单地在预压缩器或主压缩器中进行,而是分多级进行。这样,它可以直接保护各个阶段的重要光学器件,同时降低了典型MPC的执行难度。基于棱镜对的预压缩器将引起合适的空间色散,这更容易实现并且足以直接保护第一光栅。同时,非对称四光栅压缩器(AFGC)也会产生空间色散,进一步平滑光束,直接保护最后一个光栅。以这种方式,10 s-100 s PW激光器可以通过使用当前可用的光学器件来压缩,由于去除了随机空间强度调制,因此具有改进的操作安全性。此外,可以在主放大器之前添加额外的光束平滑级,以保护最大放大晶体免受损坏。该设计可推广应用于现有的PW激光装置,以提高其潜在的压缩脉冲能量和运行安全性。
Ultrafast excitation of Bloch plasmon polaritons in hyperbolic metamaterials with an extreme ultra-violet transient grating
Umeå University(于默奥大学);Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste(的里雅斯特同步辐射中心);CIC nanoGUNE BRTA(nanoGUNE研究中心);Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science(伊卡巴斯克,巴斯克科学基金会);Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia(摩德纳和雷焦艾米利亚大学);Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability(瓦伦堡可持续材料科学倡议)
Integrated, ultrafast all-optical polariton transistors with sub-wavelength grating microcavities
IBM Research Europe – Zurich(IBM欧洲苏黎世研究中心);ETH Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院);AMO GmbH(AMO有限公司);RWTH Aachen University(亚琛工业大学);Bergische Universität Wuppertal(伍珀塔尔大学)
Few-picosecond pulse generation featuring ultrafast spectral dynamics in gain-switched surface-grating DFB lasers via impulsive optical pumping
Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo(东京大学固体物理研究所);State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University(华东师范大学精密光谱科学国家重点实验室电子工程系);LDseed Co., Ltd.(LDseed有限公司)
Compensation of nonlinear phase shifts with third-order dispersion: fiber stretchers can out-perform grating stretchers in short-pulse fiber amplifiers
Broadband THz spectroscopy system beyond 25 THz using BNA crystals and a tunable single-ring-fiber compressor
University of Ottawa(渥太华大学);Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light(马克斯·普朗克光科学研究所);University of Erlangen-Nürnberg(埃尔朗根-纽伦堡大学);National Research Council Canada(加拿大国家研究委员会)
Spin waves excited by hard x-ray transient gratings
Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院);European XFEL GmbH(欧洲XFEL有限公司);Le Mans Université(勒芒大学);Polytechnic University of Catalonia(加泰罗尼亚理工大学);Sorbonne Université(索邦大学);CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP(法国国家科学研究中心、巴黎纳米科学研究所);Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste(的里雅斯特 Elettra 同步辐射中心);Università degli Studi di Milano(米兰大学);CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali(意大利国家研究委员会材料研究所);Universität Hamburg(汉堡大学);Max Planck School of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena(马克斯·普朗克光子科学学院,耶拿弗里德里希·席勒大学);Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY(德国电子同步辐射中心);University of Bern(伯尔尼大学);Ca' Foscari University of Venice(威尼斯卡福斯卡里大学);Paul Scherrer Institute(保罗谢勒研究所);Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(马德里自治大学);Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies, IMDEA Nanociencia(马德里高级研究所,IMDEA纳米科学研究所);Adam Mickiewicz University(亚当·密茨凯维奇大学);École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(洛桑联邦理工学院);Università di Firenze(佛罗伦萨大学);Universidad Complutense de Madrid(马德里康普顿斯大学);Solaris National Synchrotron Radiation Centre(索拉里斯国家同步辐射中心);Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences(波兰科学院核物理研究所);University of Potsdam(波茨坦大学);University of Stockholm(斯德哥尔摩大学)
Ultrafast pulse duration measurement method of near-infrared pulses for a broad range of wavelengths using two-photon absorption in a liquid and fluorescent dye solution