L的翻译。欧拉的“关于彗星在抛物线轨道上的运动，焦点是太阳”
A translation of L. Euler's "On the motion of comets in parabolic orbits, having the Sun in the focus"
摘要：
这是从拉丁文E840“De motu cometarum in orbitis parabolarian，solem in foco habentibus”的翻译，其中欧拉解决了六个与日心抛物轨道彗星有关的问题。问题1：从轨道的横距和地球到太阳的中等距离找到一颗日心彗星的真正异常。问题2：从三个给定的位置找到日心彗星的轨道。问题3：知道彗星的轨道，以及它停留在近日点的时刻，就可以定义它在任何时候的经度和纬度。问题四：从日心彗星的两个位置，找出彗星轨道相对于黄道的倾角，以及交点的位置。问题五：从彗星到达近日点之前或之后的时间，以及从太阳上看到的彗星到近日点的距离，找到在它出现在近日点之前或之后的另一个时间的相同距离。问题6：从三个给定的日心坐标和纬度找到彗星的轨道。从这些问题，几个推论和scholia派生。
英文摘要：
This is a translation from Latin of E840 'De motu cometarum in orbitis parabolicis, solem in foco habentibus', in which Euler addresses six problems related to comets in heliocentric parabolic orbits. Problem 1: Find the true anomaly of a heliocentric comet from the latus rectum of the orbit and the medium Earth to Sun distance. Problem 2: Find the orbit of a heliocentric comet from three given positions. Problem 3: Knowing the orbit of a comet, and the instant in time in which it dwells in the perihelion, define its longitude and latitude at any time. Problem 4: From two locations of a heliocentric comet, find the inclination of the comet's orbit in relation to the ecliptic, and the positions of the nodes. Problem 5: From the time before or after the comet had reached the perihelion, and from the comet's distance to the perihelion as seen from the Sun, find the same distance in another time before or after it had appeared in the perihelion. Problem 6: Find the orbit of a comet from three given heliocentric longitudes and latitudes. From these problems, several corollaries and scholia are derived.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
