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arXiv 2104.13657astro-ph.EP
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紧凑的三行星系统的轨道稳定性,I:系统寿命对初始轨道间隔和距离的依赖性

Orbital stability of compact three-planet systems, I: Dependence of system lifetimes on initial orbital separations and longitudes

Jack J. Lissauer, Sacha Gavino

摘要:

我们探讨了由三颗行星组成的系统的轨道动力学,每颗行星的质量与地球一样大,在共面的,最初是圆形的,围绕一颗太阳质量的恒星的轨道上。行星的初始半长轴以它们的共同希尔半径相等地间隔开,这相当于等质量的小行星的轨道周期的几何级数。我们的模拟探索了行星的广泛间距,并在长达100亿年的虚拟时间内进行了整合,或者直到任何一对行星的轨道交叉。我们发现相同的一般趋势,系统的寿命呈指数级增长的轨道之间的分离所看到的系统的三个或更多的行星以前的研究。本文的一个重点是超越以前的数值研究发现的粗略趋势,定量探索的性质分散的寿命和不稳定的影响,平均运动共振。与之前的五行星系统的结果相反,一个三行星系统的非平凡部分生存至少几个数量级的时间比大多数其他系统具有类似的初始轨道之间的分离,与一些生存$10^{10}$年在更小的轨道分离比任何发现的五行星系统。初始行星轨道的大幅度移动会导致系统寿命的大约两倍的分散,而一颗行星的初始位置沿其轨道移动100米会导致轨道交叉时间的对数发生较小的变化,特别是对于寿命较短的系统。

英文摘要:

We explore the orbital dynamics of systems consisting of three planets, each as massive as the Earth, on coplanar, initially circular, orbits about a star of one solar mass. The initial semimajor axes of the planets are equally spaced in terms of their mutual Hill radius, which is equivalent to a geometric progression of orbital periods for small planets of equal mass. Our simulations explore a wide range of spacings of the planets, and were integrated for virtual times of up to 10 billion years or until the orbits of any pair of planets crossed. We find the same general trend of system lifetimes increasing exponentially with separation between orbits seen by previous studies of systems of three or more planets. One focus of this paper is to go beyond the rough trends found by previous numerical studies and quantitatively explore the nature of the scatter in lifetimes and the destabilizing effects of mean motion resonances. In contrast to previous results for five-planet systems, a nontrivial fraction of three-planet systems survive at least several orders of magnitude longer than most other systems with similar initial separation between orbits, with some surviving $10^{10}$ years at much smaller orbital separations than any found for five-planet systems. Substantial shifts in the initial planetary longitudes cause a scatter of roughly a factor of two in system lifetime, whereas the shift of one planet's initial position by 100 meters along its orbit results in smaller changes in the logarithm of the time to orbit crossing, especially for systems with short lifetimes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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